LYCOPODITES YANUXEMI IN BRITAIN. 563 



cicatricule, which is indicated by a dark point situated slightly 

 above the centre. The leaf-scars on the lower portions of the 

 stems are distinctly hexagonal, about as broad as long, and show 

 in several cases the scar of the vascular bundle, which is indicated 

 by a small dark point. The branches appear to divide dichoto- 

 mously ; but this character is better seen on some of the other 

 examples. This fossil is labelled " Shap Toll-bar, J. lluthven." 



Figure da. This shows a small fragment of a branch from an- 

 other part of the same slab as that from which fig. 2 was taken, 

 and gives the form of the leaf-scars on the younger branches. 



The stem here, as in the previous specimens, is flattened by 

 pressure. The leaf-scars are indicated by a brown carbonaceous 

 outline. Fig. 3 b is the same enlarged. 



Figure 4. This is a small portion of a young branch, natural 

 size, given to illustrate the form of the leaf-scars, which is 

 broadly fusiform. 



Figure 5. An enlarged sketch of a portion of a small branch 

 (marked a on fig. 2) is given at fig. 5, to show more fully the 

 form of the leaf-scars and their relationship to each other. They 

 are broadly fusiform ; the upper and lower extremities of the 

 leaf-scars are separated by a slight interval, though the scars 

 laterally rest upon each other. 



The hexagonal form of the leaf-scars, eventually assumed on 

 the older branches, is evidently the result of mutual pressure 

 and the lateral tension exerted on them by the increase of the 

 stem in girth. The leaf-scars show a single elongated vascular 

 cicatricule ; in the older stems (fig. 2 b) the vascular cicatricule 

 appears to be punctiform. 



Figure 6. One of the stems on this slab exhibits very clearly 

 the dichotomous ramifications of the species. The branch is 

 shown in section, as the separation of the stone has passed 

 through the central axis of the stem. Most of the leaves with 

 which it is clothed are likewise shown in section, but towards the 

 upper part of the left arm of the fork their form is indicated, 

 though not distinctly. At the part marked a (fig. 6o gives an 

 enlarged sketch) the shape of the leaves is more clearly exhibited, 

 as one of them extends beyond the broken extremity of a small 

 branch. Owing to the imperfect state of its preservation, no 

 trace of a central vein is observable. 



