SEEDLING STRUCTURE IN THE LEGUMINOS. 23 
SOPHORA CHRYSOPHYLLA, Seem. 
Habit not known to the author. Cotyledons ovate, thick, opposite. First 
two leaves opposite. 
The structure agrees so closely with that of S. tetraptera that further 
description is unnecessary. 
CASTANOSPERMUM AUSTRALE, 4. Cunn. 
Tall tree. Hypocotyl practically absent ; axis tapering slowly to a long 
stout root. Cotyledons very massive. The largest seedling studied. Lubbock 
(1892, p. 454) gives a figure. 
There is some variety in the structure of the seedlings, which cannot be 
said to be fully investigated. Three seedlings showed a hexarch root, the 
xylem being in six roughly T-shaped groups surrounding a large pith. These 
gradually broaden as we ascend the axis, the metaxylem becoming tangential 
and the protoxylem dwindling. Each cotyledon receives three double bundles, 
the plumule being supplied by metaxylem and secondary xylem developed in 
the upper part of the hypocotyledonary axis. The whole structure recalls 
that described in Æsculus Hippocastanum by Mlle. Sophie Goldsmith (1876, 
p. 35). 
In another seedling the root, 4 em. below the node, showed eight equal 
primary xylem strands, each consisting of proto- and metaxylem. Above 
this one of the protoxylems disappears, and at 2 cm. below the node there 
are present seven metaxylem groups with protoxylem and one without. The 
seven complete bundles are cotyledonary, four supplying one cotyledon and 
three the other ; the eighth metaxylem passing directly into the epicotyl. 
The whole aspect of the structure is similar to that seen in certain other 
large seedlings, such as sculus Hippocastanum, Fagus sylvatica (Goldsmith, 
1876), Vicia Faba, and Voundzeia subterranea (see below, pp. 99, 63). 
PODALYRIEZE. 
VIMINARIA DENUDATA, Sm. (РІ. 4. figs. 62-65, 67.) 
Hypocotyl narrowing gradually to root. Cotyledons oblong, jointed at 
the base. Lubbock (1892, p. 401) gives a figure. 
The root (fig. 62) is tetrarch, containing a solid xylem star with four pro- 
jecting 1-2-seriate protoxylems separated by rather deep sinuses (intermediate 
between the condition in the tetrarch Phaseolez and the tetrarch Trifoliez, 
for instance). The four phloems are bounded externally by fibres. A few 
pith-cells appear in the centre of the xylem just above the collet ; these 
increase in number (fig. 63) and separate the xylems into four equilateral 
triangular groups, as seen a quarter of the way up the hypocotyl (fig. 64). This 
arrangement continues through most of the hypocotyl, the xylems gradually 
broadening internally while retaining their individual continuity. Seven- 
