PRIMARY DIVISIONS OF THE ORDER. 375 
lucre. The receptacle is naked or slightly fimbrillate, except in 
two monotypic genera where it bears palew subtending the florets, 
and one where it is deeply alveolate. The corollas are tubular, 
regular, with five narrow lobes to the limb, and varying from a 
reddish purple to nearly white, except in one monotypic genus 
where they are blue aud expand into a five-lobed ligula, approach- 
ing that of Cicboriacez, in one small genus in which they are 
more deeply split on the inner side, nearly as in some Mutisiacee, 
in one species of Veronia where they are somewhat bilabiate, 
and in two monotypic genera where they are very small with the 
lobes reduced to short teeth ; their colour is never yellow. The 
anthers are never without the terminal appendage to the connec- 
tive; they are more or less emarginate or sagittate at the base; 
the auricles of contiguous anthers are usually connate to the end, 
obtuse or acute, or very rarely produced into short combined or 
distinct points or rudimentary tails. The style-branches are 
slender, acute, or scarcely obtuse, uniformly and shortly hirsute, 
the stigmatic series towards the base on their inner surface not 
very conspicuous ; and in two monotypic (otherwise anomalous) 
genera the style is exceptionally almost entire. The achenes are 
usually terete or slightly flattened and equally ten-ribbed; but in 
some genera or species they are five- or four-angled, occasionally 
also with more than ten ribs, and in one monotypie genus per- 
fectly smooth and shining. The pappus is usually setose and 
copious ; the sete in some genera flattened into pales, and in a 
very few others very much reduced or absolutely wanting. 
2. Eupatoriacee, 
We have reduced De Candolle's Eupatoriacez, as we have done 
his Vernoniacez, by withdrawing the genera with heterogamous 
capitula, which we have referred to Senecionidex, leaving the tribe 
one of the best-defined by its style, as well as by several secondary 
ebaracters. 
Eupatoriacee are herbs or shrubs, rarely trees, very rarely an- 
nuals. The leaves, as a rule, at least the lower ones, are opposite 
and entire or toothed ; but iu a few genera they are all alternate, 
and exceptionally so in several others; and in very few species 
they are divided. The involucral bracts are imbricate in several 
rows or nearly equal in about two rows, in some genera reduced 
to four, five, or six. The capitula are always homogamous, with 
all the flowers hermaphrodite and fertile, and are very rarely re- 
