454 MR. G. BENTHAM ON COMPOSIT X. 
inflected appendages, of the enclosure of the achenes in their 
subtending bracts, or of the many other features characteristic of 
the Ambrosiex ; and in the style it is only in a very few species of 
Artemisia that there is any approach to the consolidation of its 
branches in the sterile flowers, which is constant in Ambrosiez, 
and which, moreover, is of common occurrence in the sterile 
flowers of many other Composite belonging to very different 
groups: geographically, also, it is only as the outskirts of the wide 
range of some generally diffused species that the Mexican region, 
the great centre of preservation of the Ambrosiex, possesses one 
or two Artemisiee ; this genus has not there produced a single 
endemic form. Artemisia is, on the other hand, very closely con- 
nected with Tanacetum, and has intermediates in the true fatherland 
of the two genera: Artemisia fasciculata, Bieb., for instance, has 
the habit and inflorescence of Tanacetum, with the characters of 
Artemisia ; and the monotypie genus Cronostephium has the habit 
and inflorescence of Artemisia, with the characters of Tanacetum. 
There are other Asiatic species also which have given no small 
irouble to determine to which of the two genera they should be 
referred. 
The majority of the South-African genera (excluding Cotulee) 
require but little comment, although distributed with the northern 
genera into different series of the tribe according as their recep- 
tacle is with or without pale, or their female florets ligulate, 
tubular, or deficient. A family likeness may be traced between 
Athanasia, forty species, and some fifty species distributed 
amongst ten or eleven small genera; but no common character 
can be assigned them. Gonospermum, three or four species, from 
the Canary Islands, forms the nearest approach to Athanasia in 
the northern hemisphere ; and Sehistostephium and Pentzia may be 
compared with Tanacetum. -Hippia, four species, is in some 
respects an approach to Cotulee. But upon the whole these 
South-African Anthemides show a much more remote affinity to 
the northern ones than would have been supposed, from the genera 
being not only intermixed in our artificial classifications, but 
species of the two areas united by some in the same genera. 
South-Africa has also some small genera quite isolated, although 
technieally, as to structure as well as geographically, included in 
Anthemidez, such as:— GZdera, four species, with small opposite 
leaves and a peculiar inflorescence already alluded to; ZwumorpAia, 
one species, with small opposite decussate leaves, but with a 
