DISTRIBUTION OF TRIBES. 459 
to the one or the other. Gynoxys, with more prominent appendages 
to the style-branches than in the aberrant Senecios above alluded 
to, is also definitely distinguished by the uniformly opposite 
leaves, which bring it near to some Liabeæ of the same region. 
In the tropical regions of the Old World, Gynura, about 20 
species, including one from Australia, has diverged considerably 
in the style, which is an approach to that of the Liabes; but in 
all other respects the genus is close to Senecio: although enjoying 
a wide range, its chief centre is Eastern Asia. One African spe- 
cies, the genus Cremocephalus of Cassini, has a tendency to ex- 
hibit the deviation observed in Erechthites, the reduction of the 
female florets to the slender tubular form; but this character does 
not here appear to be sufficiently marked or constant to justify 
the retaining it as amonotypic genus. In the Mascarene Islands 
there are two genera ( Faujasia, three species, and Eriothrix, one 
species), a third (Stilpnogyne) in South Africa and a fourth ( Me- 
lalema) in Antarctic America, both monotypic, all differring from 
Senecio in the same character, the female filiform florets, but di- 
verging from such very different points of that great genus, that 
they cannot well be united on this ground, and Eriothrix and 
-Melalema especially have each a very peculiar habit. In Africa 
also Cineraria, as now reduced to twenty-five species, chiefly 
southern, with, however, three Abyssinian ones, differs from Senecio 
in the flattened achenes, to which there is no tendency in Senecio 
or its allies in any other country. The New-Zealand monotypic 
Brachyglottis and the Australian Bedfordia, two species, are both 
so near Senecio that they have been sometimes merged init; but 
they appear at least as distinct as several of the other divergent 
groups; and Bedfordia especially is exceptional in the tribe, and 
approaches the Australian Asteroides (Olearia) in habit and stel- 
late indumentum. 
The genera next in order of divergence from Senecio are 
all extratropical; four are N. W.-American (Mexican or Califor- 
nian)— Tetradymia with three or four species, Raillardella, Cro- 
cidium, Bartlettia, and Haploesthes, all monotypic, these last three 
showing perhaps some approach towards Asteroidez, but on the 
whole much nearer to Senecionidezm. Arnica, about ten species, a 
mountain genus, extends generally over the central and northern 
regions of Europe, Asia, and North America; and is distinct, 
especially in its opposite leaves and its involucre. Doronicum (as 
now modified so as to include Aronicum and exclude Pericallis) 
