DISTRIBUTION OF TRIBES. 465 
Cynaroides, in their achenes usually larger and thicker, and in 
other points. Their main area is S. Africa. Arctotis itself, out of 
thirty species, has one in Abyssinia; Landtia, four species, has two 
S.-African and two Abyssinian ; Haplocarpha, four species, Arcto- 
theca, one species, and Venidium, eighteen species, are exclusively 
S.-African, although one species of the first extends rather within 
the tropical limits.  Cryptostemma has three species, of which one 
has become perfectly naturalized in Portugal ; and Cymbonotus, one 
species (the only one known of the tribe which is not African), has 
hitherto been only gathered in Australia, where the earliest ex- 
plorers found it fully established and apparently indigenous. Itis 
totally disconnected from any Australian genus, and it diverges 
much less from the S.-African genera of Euarctotes than the 
Magellanic Eriachentum above mentioned does from the Calendu- 
lacez ; the origin of both is as yet inexplicable. 
3. The Gorteriee, with the chief characters of Euarctotez, 
differ from them in the involucres and some other points, which 
bring them nearer to Cynaroidew, of which they may be consi- 
dered the S.-African representatives, differing in their radiate 
capitula, and more or less in their styles and other points. We 
have here, therefore, among these Old- World tribes, the Anthe- 
mides of the Anthemis and Chrysanthemum type, all belonging 
to the northern hemisphere, connected with the Cynaroidex, also 
all northern, not by any northern groups, but through the almost 
exclusively southern Arctotidex ; whilst the intermediates between 
the southern Anthemidezx of the Athanasia group and the southern 
Arctotidez are to be sought for exclusively among the northern 
Anthemideex. 
The Gorteriese comprise about 120 species in seven genera, which 
do not appear to require any separate mention here ; for they have 
all the same S.-African range, with here and there a species ex- 
tending to within the tropics, but none, I believe, passing the 
equator. None have established themselves, even as introduced 
weeds, into distant lands. 
4. Gundelia, a single Persian species, and Platycarpha, two S.- 
African species, are two very distinct anomalous forms, which, 
from some mistaken observation of their styles, had hitherto been 
placed amongst Vernoniacee, next to Elephantopus. The only 
connexion with the latter genus appears to be that of numerous 
few-flowered capitula being collected in a close gencral cluster or 
compound head. But that character exists in Asteroidez, in 
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