472 MR. G. BENTHAM ON COMPOSITE. 
and Inuloideæ, and in a considerable degree that of Cichoriacee, 
is entirely deprived of Mutisiacez, or at most has a single species 
on its extreme southern limits. The five subtribes into which the 
tribe is divided on structural grounds are not very strictly geo- 
graphical: Barnadesiee are South-American; Onoseridee also 
South-American, with the exception of two or three tropical- 
African forms; Gochnatiex and Gerberes have several represen- 
tatives in Asia and Africa; Nassauviex are exclusively American 
and chiefly, but not entirely, western and extratropical. It is 
better, however, here to consider the genera of the first four sub- 
tribes rather more in the order of their geographical areas. 
Barnadesia, ten species, Mutisia, thirty-six species, Onoseris, 
about twelve species, Chuguiragua, above thirty species, all very 
distinct and well-defined genera, are all South-American and 
Andine, but each one extending eastward in one or more Brazi- 
lian species (in Chuquiragua nearly half the species often sepa- 
rated under the name of Plotovia) without any connexion with 
the Old World. Round the above may be grouped three smali 
Andine genera, Plagia, three species, and Aphyllocladon and Chie- 
nopappus, both monotypie, as well as three very distinct small 
genera from east tropical America (Brazil or Guiana), Schlechten- 
dahlia and Wunderlichia, both monotypic, and Stifftia, four spe- 
cies, which might almost be considered as two or three distinct 
genera. Three tropical-African forms also (Pletotaxis, one spe- 
cies, Erythrocephalum, two or three species, and Phyllactinia, one 
species) appear to be more nearly connected with the Ame- 
rican Onoseris group than with any genera of their own country. 
Gochnatia, ten South-American tropical or extratropical spe- 
cies, Moguinia, twelve species, all Brazilian except one from 
Mexico, together with Seris, two Brazilian species, and Hyalis and 
Cyclolepis, both monotypic and extratropical South-American, all 
closely allied to each other, form a rather natural group approach- 
ing in many respects some Cynaroidez (of the Saussurea group), 
and more remotely connected with some Euinulez. This group 
is represented in Cuba by the genus Azastraphia, four species ; in 
southern and in a less degree in tropical Africa by Dicoma, thir- 
teen species, and Hochstetteria, one species ; and still more closely 
in the Himalaya by the monotypic Leucomeris, scarcely distin- 
guishable from Gochnatia itself, except by the corymbose inflor- 
escence. 
The African genus Dicoma above mentioned, of which one of 
