DISTRIBUTION OF TRIBES. 475 
not reach further north than Columbia. Leuceria, twenty-five 
species, Polyachyrus, seven, Nassauvia, twenty-five, T'riptilion, six, 
Pamphalea, four or five species, and the monotypic genera Osy- 
phyllum and Moscharia are limited to extratropical South Ame- 
rica, chiefly Chili, or they advance very little northward along 
the Andes. Macrachenium is a single Magellanic species with 
the habit of a Chaptalia, and the characters nearer those of 
Trixis ; and Cephalopappus is a single and rare Brazilian species, 
with the characters nearly of the Chilian Pamphalea, but a totally 
different habit. 
13. Cichoriacee. 
The tribe of Cichoriaces is an extensive one, and, as already 
observed, is the most definitely marked out in the whole order. 
It has also a wide geographical range. Its chief seat is in the 
northern hemisphere and more especially the Old World, where 
most of the larger genera have the great majority of their species. 
Most of the genera of limited areas belong to the Mediterranean 
region; yet several are also located and have been apparently 
developed in Western America, especially in the Mexican region. 
The number of species known is above 700, distributed into nearly 
60 genera, not always very clearly defined, yet we believe rather 
better marked out than the very numerous smaller ones into which 
they have sometimes been divided. It is very difficult to arrange 
these genera into subtribes ; and those we have adopted are in a 
great degree artificial, and have little or no connexion with geo- 
graphical distribution; we must therefore now consider the 
principal genera separately. 
Crepis (including Barkhausia and Youngia), about 130 species, 
to which might be added about a dozen more contained in the 
small slightly divergent genera Pterotheca, Phecasium, Phalacro- 
deris, and Rodigia, is essentially of the Old World. The few 
N.-American species, although proposed by Nuttall as two di- 
stinet genera, Psilachenia and Crepidium, belong to the typical 
group of Eucrepis. The genus is divisible into twelve to fourteen 
sections, not all very distinct, but each marked by some peculiari- 
ties. Most of them, as well as the four small divergent genera 
above mentioned, belong to the Mediterranean region; two, 
Eucrepis and Barkhausia, range over Europe, N. Africa, and 
extratropical Asia ; and the former, Eucrepis, extends also into N. 
America; the sections Soyeria and Intybellia belong to the 
