REGIONS AND AREAS OF DISTRIBUTION. 521 
World southern Cotuleæ Calendulaces and Arctotidesx are wholly 
absent. 
It is probable that some modifications in the above relative 
numbers may ensue from a rectification of the limits now so 
vaguely assigned to the Mexican and United-States Composite 
regions; but the flora of the latter has now been so generally in- 
vestigated that the future discoveries of endemie monotypes are 
likely to be but very few in proportion to those we may expect 
from Mexico and California. 
3. West-Indian Region. 
Although the West Indies in their Composite show a generally 
close connexion with the continent of Central and Southern 
America, yet they are sufficiently separated to exhibit many of 
the characteristics of insular floras, and to require treating as a 
separate region. Among the larger islands, Cuba shows more of 
the character of the Mexican, Jamaica of the Andine, Trinidad of 
the North-east Brazilian or Guiana region, Porto Rico and San 
Domingo, which, as far as known, may be considered an ex- 
tension of the Cuban chain, have as yet been but very imper- 
fectly explored. The connexion of any of the islands with the 
opposite coast of North America appears in Composite to be 
confined to a few maritime species or to such as have a very wide 
American range. 
Among the characteristic genera of the West Indies may be 
reckoned Salmea, which out of twelve species has eight West- 
Indian and four Columbian or Mexican, Veurolena, with one 
West-Indian and one Columbian species, and Borrichia, which from 
the islands extends round the coasts north, south, and west. Each 
of the larger islands has also its monotypic or small endemic genera, 
ten in Cuba, Lachnorhiza, Phania, Sachsia, Rhodogeron, Heptanthus, 
Pinillosia, Lantanopsis, Thymopsis, Lescaillea, and Anastraphia, 
averaging two species each, one in Jamaica, the monotype Cheno- 
cephalus, and three in San Domingo, Piptocoma, Narvalina, and Te- 
tranthus,the former two monotypic, the latter of two species. These 
islands partake also of some of the generally dispersed large South- 
and Central-American genera. Cuba, for instance, has twelve 
species of Vernonia, twenty-four of Eupatorium, twelve of Mikania, 
and five or six each of a few others ; and in Grisebach’s Flora of 
the British West Indies (slightly modified to reduce the genera 
to the standard we have adopted) are included twelve species of 
