REGIONS AND AREAS OF DISTRIBUTION. 555 
portion of endemic genera and species with often a different 
combination and value of distinctive characters than in their 
nearest-allied continental races, and (in many of them) a general 
tendency to an arborescent development. 
1. The Sandwich Islands. 
The flora of these islands is now pretty fairly known and well 
worked up by Asa Gray, and after him by the late Horace Mann 
and by W. T. Brigham, from whose enumeration in the Memoirs 
of the Boston Society of Natural History, vol. i. pp. 528 & 535, 
the following data are taken* :— 
Table 13. Composite of the Sandwich Islands. 
Genera. Species. Connexions. 
Adenostemma .. senes | A. viscosum, Forst. Cosmopolitan (colonist ?). 
Ageratum ........ A. mexicanum, Linn. Cosmopolitan (colonist ?). 
Lagenophora 1 endemic species. South extratropical Amerjcan 
and Old-World. 
Astepo. 2. 0 6 o 1 endemic species. 
Tetramolopium (endemio)...... 6 endemic species. South extratropical American 
rather than Old-World. 
Mibladinis 2. 55. 1 endemic species. South extratropical American 
and Australian. 
Gnaphalium ci G. luteo-album, Linn. Cosmopolitan (colonist ?). 
Coreopsis (Campylotheca, en- | 6 endemic species. Coreopsis and Bidens, chiefl 
demie section). the tropical-American an 
the very few Old-World 
: species. ; 2 
Bilens eem 1 endemic species. The tropical-American species 
Lipocheta (endemic, except | 10 endemic species. Wedelioid Helianthoide:e, 
Galapagos). chiefly American. | 
Argyroxiphium (endemio)...... 2 endemic species. Madieæ of the Mexican re- 
on. 
Wilkesia (endemic) ............ 1 endemic species. uation of the Mexican re- 
on, 
Dubautia (endemic) ............ 3 endemic species. Midieæ and Galinsogese of 
the Mexican region, the 
z E nearest but distant. 
Raillardia (endemic) ............ 11 endemic species. Raillardella of the Mexican 
region. 
Hesperomannia (endemic) ... | 1 endemic species. Stiff and Wunderlichia of 
the Brazilian region. 
Sonchus;: 00 ee S. oleraceus, Linn. Cosmopolitan (colonist ?). 
16 genera, of which 12 en-| 48 species, of which 45 | Generally American, but also 
emic. endemic. in some measure Old- 
World,through Australasia. 
In considering the above relations we must omit the four cos- 
mopolitan species ; for, whether they be really of modern or ancient 
introduction with or without the intervention of man, their 
presence may be accounted for by means of dispersion actually in 
* Since these Tables have been made out the collections of Hillebrand have 
added one endemic genus and two or three endemic species to the Sandwich- 
Island Composite. 
