REGIONS AND AREAS OF DISTRIBUTION. 557 
above shown to be endemic, the eleven common to America being 
chiefly weeds of cultivation or maritime plants capable of wide 
dispersion by present means, or species which for other reasons 
ha e an extended American area. Among the endemic species 
the majority are also slight modifications of extreme western or 
maritime Central-American or Mexican forms; and those which 
have been proposed (and some of them maintained) as independent 
endemic genera are not nearly so distinct as such Sandwich-Island 
ones as Argyroxiphium, Wilkesia, Dubautia, and Hesperomannta. 
Desmocephalum and Microcecia are included by us in the Central- 
American Elvira; Lecocarpus and Scalesia might without difficulty 
have been referred to Melampodium and Mirasolia respectively as 
sections; Macrea, reduced by A. Gray to the Sandwich-Island 
Lipocheta, is also very near to the American Wedelie. None of 
the Galapagos Composite show any tendency to the arborescent 
forms observable in the more isolated insular groups. 
3. Juan Fernandez, Masafuera, San Ambrosio, and San Feliz. 
The flora of these islands, lying some four or five hundred miles 
off the coast of Chile, has been only incidentally mentioned in 
treating of the plants of the Chilian region, and I can find no 
Separate enumeration of the plants they contain; but the few 
Composite recorded are strongly characteristic of their long 
isolation. Juan Fernandez possesses twelve species belonging to 
the endemic genera Robinsonia, Balbisia, and Dendroseris, all 
arborescent or shrubby, and an endemic species of Erigeron with 
an exceptionally shrubby habit and some other slight characters 
which might justify the adoption for it of Colla's genus Terranea. 
The two first-named genera belong to the cosmopolitan tribe 
Senecionides, largely represented in extratropical South America, 
but with a very remarkable character of which only faint traces 
are to be met with in a very few other species of the whole order. 
The cotyledons in most (but not all) of the species are folded lon- 
gitudinally or undulate. The third genus, Dendroseris, is a very 
exceptional arborescent Cichoriacea allied only to the rare Fitchia 
of the South-Sea Islands. These two genera, technically placed 
amongst Cichoriaces, have so little of the habit and characters of 
that tribe, except their peculiar corollas, that one cannot but 
conjecture that their departure from or connexion with the 
Mutisiaceous type must have been quite independent of that of 
the Old- World Cichoriaces.. 
