570 
MR. G. BENTHAM ON COMPOSITE. 
Where established. 
Species. Qualifications. 
a. of American origin, 
Coreopsis tinctoria ......... East India. 
Gaillardia, sp. .............+. East India. : : 
Cosmos sulphureus ......... East India. Abundance of seed ; ready 
Tagetes erecta or Tagetes 
patula. 
b. of European origin. 
Inula Helenium 
Tanacetum vulgare 
DIDIT 
Artemisia Absinthium...... 
Chrysanthemum  corona- 
rium and C. carinatum. 
Matricaria Parthenium 
Calendula officinalis 
Carthamus tinctorius 
Tragopogon porrifolium ... 
Atlantie islands, Africa, 
East India. 
North America. 
North America. 
North America, 
East India. 
...| North America, 
South Africa. 
East India. 
Australia. 
germination ? 
Pappus ; persistent root. 
Abundance of seed; per- 
sistent root. 
Abundance of seed; per- 
sistent root. 
Abundance of seed and 
ready germination. 
Abundance of seed; per- 
sistent root. 
Ready germination; ad- 
herence. 
Vitality of seed? ready 
germination ? 
Pappus; persistent root. 
Of the above fourteen species or groups of species four or five 
only appear to be endowed with any special facilities for being 
carried beyond the limits of the gardens they had been cultivated 
in to localities suitable for their preservation. The remainder, 
apparently limited to the ordinary chances of transport, have 
either had those chances multiplied by their great fertility, or 
have been better able to avail themselves of them by some such 
qualifications as long-preserved vitality, external protection, 
hardiness or persistence when once established, &c., which may be 
more conveniently discussed under the following head of weeds of 
cultivation. 
Table 19. Composite weeds of cultivated and waste places of foreign 
origin. 
Species. Where established. Qualifications. 
a. of American origin. 
Solidago mexicana 
Aster annuus 
ee eee 
Erigeron canadense ......... 
Atlantie Islands ( Azores). 
.| South and Central Europe, 
East India. 
All temperate and warm 
countries, 
Pappus. Maritime plant. 
Pappus; abundance of 
s 
Pappus ; abundance of 
seed. 
