288 REV. R. BARON ON THE 
all are represented in the island." As instances he gives the 
following :—Cyperus, Panicum, Polypodium, Acrostichum, Asple- 
nium, Pteris, Ficus, Piper, Phyllanthus, Croton, Loranthus, 
Psychotria, Indigofera, Vernonia, Solanum, Eugenia, Ipomea, 
Vitis, Gouania, Hibiscus, Gomphia, Ochna, Desmodium, Crota- 
laria, Acalyphe, Cleome, Capparis, Cassia, Dalbergia, Eragrostis, 
Commelina, Dioscorea, Dalechampia, Andropogon, Scleria, Kyl- 
lingia, Mimosa, Jussiea, and Homalium. 
Of widely-spread species Mr. Baker reckons that there are in 
the island probably no fewer than 150. 
Of tropical species widely dispersed through the Old World 
there are probably no less than 100 occurring in Madagascar. 
* Amongst these latter aquatic plants are represented by such 
species as Nymphea Lotus and stellata, Limnanthemum indicum, 
and Utricularia stellaris; trees and shrubs of the muddy swamps 
of the sea-shore by the mangroves and their associates (such as 
Rhizophora mucronata, Bruguiera gymnorhiza, Sonneratia alba, 
Lumnitzera racemosa, Thespesia populnea, and Avicennia offici- 
nalis); and shrubs not especially maritime by such plants as 
Schmidelia racemosa, Colubrina asiatica, Ormocarpum sennoides, 
Desmodium lasiocarpum and umbellatum, Premna serratifolia, and 
Securinega obovata." 
The close affinity of the flora with the florze of the other Mas- 
carene islands Mr. Baker illustrates by showing * the range of a 
few genera which are confined to the Mascarene group." As 
instances he mentions Danais, Aphloia, Fetidia, Obetia, Radamea, 
Phyllarthron, Colea, and Stephanodaphne. 
Mr. Baker also shows that there is a close affinity between the 
flora of Madagascar and that of Tropical Africa, on the one hand, 
and the flora of the central elevated parts of theisland with those 
of the Cape and the mountains of Central Africa, on the other. 
This he illustrates by instances too numerous to be here enume- 
rated. There is, however, let me add, probably a closer alliance 
between the flora of Tropical Africa and that of the Western 
Region of Madagascar, than with the floras of the Central and 
Eastern Regions. 
Finally, Mr. Baker shows that there is a slight special affinity 
between the flora of Madagascar and the floras of Tropical Asia 
and the Malay isles. This is evidenced by the existence in 
the island of, for example, Cyclea madagascariensis, Murraya 
exotica, Nepenthes madagascariensis, Stephanotis floribunda, 
Strongylodon madagascariensis, S. Lastellianum, Hernandia pel- 
