FLORA OF MADAGASCAR. 293 
P. trilobatus, W. Reg. ; Pterocarpus Marsupium, E. Reg. ; 
Poinciana pulcherrima; Acacia Farnesiana, Nosibé; Bidens leu- 
cantha; Lactuca indica, E. Reg.; the Sowthistle (Sonchus olera- 
ceus), Cent. Reg. ; Vinca rosea, now widely spread, especially in 
Cent. Reg.; Beaumontia grandiflora; Amarantus tristis, Cent. 
and E. Regs.; Myristica philippensis, N. Madag.; Phyllanthus 
distichus and P. Urinaria; Croton Tiglium; Pistia Stratiotes ; 
and the Ginger-grass (Andropogon nardus). 
The trees and shrubs cultivated in gardens are too numerous 
to mention, but the following are among the most common :— 
Garcinia Gerrardi, Cent. Reg. ; Hibiscus Rosa-sinensis, H. muta- 
bilis; Melia Azederach; Acacia heterophylla; A. podalyriefolia ; 
Eucalyptus Globulus; Callistemon lanceolatus; the Passion-flowers, 
Passiflora incarnata, P. cerulea, and P. suberosa; Luffa acutan- 
gula; Trichosanthes anguina ; Zinnia elegans; Tagetes erecta; 
Plumbago zeylanica ; Carissa edulis; Nerium Oleander ; Petunia 
nyetaginiflora; Pecoma capensis; Gendarussa vulgaris, used for 
hedges ; Stachytarpheta mutabilis; Verbena chamedrifolia ; Salvia 
coccinea ; Bougainvillea spectabilis; the Camphor-tree (Cinna- 
momum Camphora), known by the natives as ^ Ravintsara”’; Agave 
Jztli; and Furcrea gigantea. 
Of introduced fruits, cereals, vegetables, &c., there are :— 
The Chinese Litchi, on E. coast; Custard-apple, E. and W. 
coasts (P) ; Anona senegalensis, W. coast, probably introduced; 
A. squamosa ; Spondias dulcis, E. coast ; Cashew-nut, W. coast ; 
Mango, mostly throughout the island ; Loquat; Jamrosa; Pome- 
granate; Guava (common and Chinese, the former almost natura- 
lized in some places); Papaw, E. coast; Banana; Avocado Pear; 
Orange; Lemon (Citrus Aurantium, almost naturalized in some 
places); Lime (?) ; Pineapple; Mulberry ; Peach; Plum; Apple; 
Quince ; Strawberry ; Grapes; Figs (the last seven not being 
as yet largely cultivated). Then there are the common Indigos, 
Indigofera tinctoria and Crotalaria incana, both of which are 
subspontaneous ; the Earth-nuts, Arachis hypogea and Voand- 
zeia subterranea; Phaseolus lunatus; Vigna sinensis ; Dolichos 
Lablab; the Pigeon-pea (Cajanus indicus), largely cultivated, 
especially in South Betsileo, for silkworm-feeding ; Peas; the 
Bottle-gourd (Lagenaria vulgaris) ; Benincasa cer ifera; Melon 
(Cucumis Melo); Water-Melon (Citrullus vulgaris) ; Red Pump- 
kin (Cucurbita maxima); Momordica Charantia; Tilseed (Sesamum 
. Y . 
indicum); the Capsicums, Capsicum frutescens and 5 annua ; 
Y 
