412 W. L. Bray. 
the ovules are exactly as in the pistillate, but very little if any stigmatie 
surface is developed and probably no seeds mature. The ligule of the 
corolla is also quite as plain as in many species of Frankenia. 
The method of forming the ovules has already been sufficiently dis- 
cussed with the Australian species of sect. Basigonia. Since only one seed 
comes to maturity, and since many flowers probably have only an abor- 
tive ovary, the seed produetion in Niederleinia would seem to have reached 
the minimum. Such species appear to be on the decline, and it is not 
unlikely that the occurrence of unistaminate flowers is but an indication 
of decline in the reproductive capacity. 
5. North America. 
Toichogonia cosmopolita. 
There are in North America three species of Frankenia of which 
F. grandifolia Ch. & Schl. and var. campestris Gray, sect. Toichogonia 
cosmopolita have been already sufficiently discussed. The two remaining 
species belong to the following section. 
Basigonia. 
F. Palmeri Wats. has been found in salt marshes about Sandiego Bay, 
at National City, and on the East Coast of Lower California. It occurs as a 
compact densely branched shrub, of very pronounced xerophytic habit. 
In the floral parts, F. Palmeri is irregular in the number of stamens. 
There may be four or five of these. The carpels are regularly two, and 
only two ovules are formed. The leaves are noteworthy from the enormous 
developement of sclerenchym a cells along the course of the small vessels 
throughout the lamina. Coineident with this is the fact that the leaves are 
not so compact and the epidermis not so thick as in most species of corre- 
spondingly xerophytic habit. In the latter the mechanical tissue is in the 
form of true bast or libriform cells along the midrib. 
F. Jamesii Torr. has the following distribution according to A. Gray !). 
Eastern foot of the Rocky Mountains in Colorado, especially on the Ar- 
kansas River; Guadeloupe Mountains, western Texas. The flowers of F. 
Jamesii are normal in the number of parts, A5 — C5 —46(3—3?) — G3; 
style 3-cleft. The calyx tube is very long and narrow the corolla lobes 
also narrow as in the Australian species of this section. As in these also, 
the leaves of F. Jamesii are long and narrow, the epidermis however of very 
large, comparatively thin walled cells. 
Both genetically and geographically F. Palmeri and F. Jamesii are very 
distinetly separated. 
1) Frankeniaceae, Synopt. Fl. No. Am. Vol. I pt. I fac. I p. 208. 
