DB. AITCniSON ON THE FLORA OP HFSniAEPUB. 19 



Thus the plains are well supplied with water obtainable at from ten 

 to twelve feet from the surface. The humidity thus created gives 

 a type of vegetation more analogous with that of the " Upper 

 Gangetic Plain" about Saharanpur than of the Punjab. 



What one is most struck with on entering the district from 

 Jalinder, are the large groves of Mango, showing splendid and 

 valuable timber, and on all sides the general abundance of wood 

 both natural and cxiltivated. Around gardens, planted along 

 roads, and in the vicinity of dwellings, there are fine trees of 

 Acacia Arabica, elata^ and modcsta, Dalbergia, Alhizzia^ BauMnia 

 variegafa and purpurea^ Byzygmm^ Gedrela^ Moringa, JBassta, Melia 

 azedarachy Bignonia sube)*osay Cordia, Mimusops^ Millingtonia, Pon- 

 gamia, and Tamarix. In the "English Wood," a natural wood 

 about two miles from the Civil lines, there are ; — very fine trees, 

 witli excellent timber, of Dalbergia^ Albizzia^ BombaXy Ficus 

 glomerata^ Indica^ and religiosa^ PTigllanthus, Morus^ ZizypTitis, 

 SaliXy besides the smaller trees of Acacia catechu and leucopJilcea^ 

 Butea^ Casearia^ Phcenix^ Flacourtia, Elii^etia^ Mgle ; tree shrubs 

 of Grewia Asiatica and oppositifolia^ Yitex^ Biospyros montana, 

 Bottlera ; climbers and shrubs of BauJiinia VaJiliij ClematiSj 

 Abrtis^ Oapparis horrida, Jasminum^ Celastrus paniculatus, Mur- 

 raya^ Buddlea, Bergera^ Bandia^ with Solanum verlascifolium and 

 Desmodium Oangeticum. On the outskirts of the wood and in the 

 surrounding fields we find the true Punjab or dry-country forms, 

 viz. Acacia Arabica^ A, modesta (shrubby), Carissa^ Zizyphtis 

 jujuba and nummularia, CapparU apTiylla, CalatropiSy Justicia, 

 Solanum Jacquinii and sanctum. 



As further proof of the occurrence of a more south-eastern flora, 

 we find cultivated in gardens, in addition to the usual Punjab 

 fruits, the Custard-apple, Jack-fruit, Shaddock, Averrhoa, AVampi, 

 Mimusops, all bearing fruit well^ The Jack-fruit forms a large 

 and handsome tree ; and througboSt the district here and there an 

 occasional large specimen of tbe Tamarind is to be met with. 



Chavica BoxburgJiii is cultivated and grows well. Cissampelos 

 convolvulacea occurs as a common creeper. The Bamboo and 

 Finns longifolia grow well in gardens. Argemone has reached 

 thus far, via the Jalinder road. EupTiorbia pentagona is utilized 

 extensively for hedges. Tillcea pharnaceoides, Hochst., an Abys- 

 sinian type, grows in large quantity in a burial-ground near the 



'--^iKutcherry." 



%ield-cultivation is aided greatly by irrigation from wells. 



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