DR. LAUDER LIITDSAT OX ARTHONIA MELASPERMELLA. 277 



Pers. Patellaria is a section of the ParmeliacecB (Lichens) [in 

 Pries, Lichen. Europ. Beform, 1831, p. 3]. Yarions lorias of 

 Lecidecd and Lecanorce (Lichens) have been confounded with forms 

 of the genus Patellaria^ Fr. (Fungi) : e. g., Lecidea parasema, Ach. 

 var. saprophila^ Ach. [with P. atrata, Fr.]; Lecanora varia, Ach., 

 var. conizea, Ach. ; and Lecanora ferruginea^ Huds., var. festiva^ 

 Ach. In these and such cases the main or only distinction be- 

 tween the Lichen and the Fungus appears to consist in the dif- 

 ferent reaction of the hymenium with iodine in the two cases, 

 being blue in the Lichen and yellow in the Fungus. 



Berkeley, in his 'Outlines of British Fungology'*, includes 

 three genera among Fungi, which modern Lichen ologists class 

 among Lichens, viz. : 



1. Sphinctrina f ; and its species S. turbinafa, Pers., which is 

 athalline and a parasite on the thallus of various Pertusaricr, 

 The Galiciacecd [to w^hich Spliinctrina belongs], and especially 

 perhaps the genus Coniocyhe^ have a general resemblance to 

 certain stipitate, delicate, minute Fungi. 



2. Xylograplia X^ and its species X, parallela^ Fr., w^hcre there 

 is scarcely any thallus and the reaction with iodine is i/w^, 

 becoming wine-red. 



3. Agyrivm §, and its species A. rufum, Pers., which resembles 

 the former genua and species as to its thallus and reaction 

 "with iodine, 



On the other hand he points out [in his ^ Cryptogamic Botany,' 

 p. 374] that the exotic HypocJini^ Montague's genus Byssocaulon^ 

 ThelepTiora pedicellata^ Schweinitz, and other hitherto supposed 

 Fungi are really referable to Lichens. Nylander [L. Scand. 20] 

 also arranges Byssocaulon among Lichens [next to Coenogonium, 

 {Lecide(B)\ Gassicurtia is regarded as aLichen by Berkeley [Crypt. 

 Bot, 378 11], and as a Fxtngtis by Nylander [Prodr. 91]. Asterina 

 ^ahingtonii, Berk. [Ord. Phacidiacei {Fungi)'] is the Strigula 

 ^Lichen] of subsequent authors. Berkeley remarks that he is 

 constantly receiving degenerate states of Lichens as supposed 



Of date 1860, pp. 373 and 375, 



t Mudd, * Manual/ p. 255 ; Njlander, Licb. Scand. p. 37 ; Prodrom. p. 33. 



X K^jl. Prodrom. p. 147; Lich. Scand. p. 249; classed as a subgenus of 

 Sticth by Berkeley, Brit. Fung. p. 375. 



§ Nyl. Prodr. p. 148; Lich. Scand. p. 250. Compare Coemans, * Notice sur 

 <luelquea Cryptogames de la Flore Beige/ pp. 15-19. 



II [The genus mentioned by Mr. Berkeley at p. 378 is Gassicourtia^ which he 

 subsequently (p. 415) speaks of as an anamorphosis of some lichen. Quasi' 

 c'urtta is spoken of at p. 415 as an obscure genus. — Sec. L. 8.] 



