Moors. 



II. Faro Islands. 



old 



1. Ctadonia cervicornis^ Ach. Hills behind Thorslaavn: more 



abundant than any other species of Cladonia, 



2. C, pyxidata, L. Various forms, seldom fertile, generally 



deformed; on old walls of sheep-pens, associated with 



C. furcata, 



3. C /«rca^a, Huds. Various forms, generally sterile: on 



^valls of sheep-pena. 



Var. racemosa, Flk, HiUs behind Thorshavn. 



A^ar. suluTatay L., subvar. cymosa^ Flk. Hills behind Thors- 

 havn. 



4. C rangiferina, L, More plentiful than C. pyxidata. 



5. C, stellata. Scha^r. 



Var. adiinca^ Ach* Hills behind Thorshayn, 



i 



420 DE. LATJDEa LIKDSAT — LIST OF CLADONI^. 



* 



Cambridge, while preparing his "Monograph of British Cladoiiiae" 



(1865). 



These northern Cladoitm illustrate well that contiiiuHy of vari- 

 ation among Lichens which too frequently renders the limitation 

 or definition of varieties or species (sometimes even of genera 

 and families) impossible ; whence it follows that all efforts to name 

 every apparently distinct condition are futile, and the results of 

 such efforts mischievous, as embarrassing the student in the mazes 

 of a hopelessly confusing synonymy. In plants so variable, it 

 seems to me much better to establish comprehensive general groups, 

 regarding which some unanimity of opinion among lichenologists 

 may reasonably be looked for (indicating the chief directions or 

 forms of variation only, without describing even these by special 

 names) rather than to distinguish every shade of difference as 

 a named form, state, condition, or subvariety. IJntil the pre- 

 sent mania for species-splitting and name-giving, and for the ex- 

 piscation of minute, trivial, and too generally inconstant anato- 

 mical differences is superseded by a classification based upon broad 

 general resemblances^ it is vain to expect lichenology to become 



F 



either intelligible or attractive to the student. 



i 



I. Iceland, 



1. Cladonia cervicomis, Ach. 

 Var. verficillafa, Ach., Th. Fries, Lich. Arctoi. 



2. C. rangiferina, L. 

 Subvar. sj/Ivatica, Hfina. Moors behind Reykjavik. 



3. C, coccifera, L. 

 Subvars. cornucqpioideSy Ach., and extensa, Hffm. Laugarness \ 



i 



