142 REV. M. J. BERKELEY ON THE FRUCTIFICATION 
and then the form of the intermediate cyst was extremely irre- 
gular and its cavity filled with large spores. 
In some threads, however, a different state of things appeared, 
sometimes in the centre, sometimes at the apex, but whether in 
either case corresponding with a twin nucleus I am unable to say. 
However this may be, instead of one cyst, two appeared, a con- 
jugation probably taking place between the two within the thread, 
as in some Zygnemata, and the upper forming it should seem 
ultimately the perfect cyst. Not one cyst, however, came to per- 
fection. In some cases (fig. 4) the lower cyst seemed to be 
entirely absorbed, while in others (fig. 5) it was permanently con- 
nected with the upper by a distinct neck. In one instance I saw 
one of the straight threads forked, and producing two terminal 
cysts. 
From the circumstances before mentioned, it was impossible 
for me to follow out each point with the requisite precision, and 
T ought perhaps to apologize to the Society for submitting to it 
observations confessedly so imperfect. As, however, they relate 
to an extremely interesting matter and are highly suggestive, 
while, as far as they go, they give evidence of the correctness of 
Mr. Carter’s sketches, I have imagined that they may possess suffi- 
cient importance to command a moment’s attention. The con- 
jugation of the threads seems to resemble more closely that of 
Zygnema than the well-known analogous phenomenon in the 
genus Syzygites. 
EXPLANATION OF PLATE X. 
Fig. 1. A portion of the Hyphasma which gives rise to the Mucorioid cysts, 
figs. 7 & 8. 
Fig. 2. Straight threads with one or two nuclei at the upper part of each arti- 
culation: after Mr. Carter. 
Fig. 3. Separation of cysts from the protoplasm in different states. 
Fig. 4. A double cyst formed in one of the joints, and a cyst which has become 
free above, the second cyst having been absorbed. 
Fig. 5. Various threads in which a double cyst has been formed above, and a 
single cyst in one or more of the central articulations. In one a lateral 
cyst has been formed at the apex. 
Fig.6. An irregular cyst filled with spores formed by the junction of two 
threads. 
Fig. 7. Mucorioid cysts, in one of which spores have been formed, while in two 
there are secondary cells. "There is no columella as in Mucor. 
Fig.8. Spores germinating in situ. 
All the figures are more or less magnified. 
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