SPECIES OF CALLOPHYLLIS AND RUpDYMENIA. 85 



and when they are mature, the connexions between the individual 

 spores are gradually loosened, the whole glomerule becomes dis- 

 integrated, and, finally, the fully developed round spores are 

 entirely free. 



Owing to their appearance, these glomerules of spores, which 

 are, as has been mentioned, in varying numbers without order in 

 the nucleus, may seem to be separate fruit-nuclei * which make 

 a compound fruit. But the description before given of the deve- 

 lopment of the cystocarp in the observed species clearly shows 

 that the glomerules originate in a way inconsistent with this 

 theory. 



As the spores ripen, they expand throughout the cystocarp, and 

 then follows the escape through the pore and the scattering of 

 the spores. But the expulsion is very slow and incomplete. In 

 many of the older fruits I have observed a smaller or larger 

 number of ripe spores which remained in the cystocarp and had 

 begun to germinate. Sometimes the majority of the spores had 

 not been expelled. In none of the material that I have studied 

 have I found anything to uphold the supposition that a part of 

 the fruit-wall is broken down so. as to allow the escape of the 

 spores, or that the whole cystocarp is, when the spores are fully 



ripe, loosened from the thallus f. 



btusifc 



very little mention is made of the literature existing on this 

 subject ; but very little is to be found regarding the fertilization 

 of the genus. J. Agardh only has given, in his ' Morphologia 

 Floridearum,' a short account of the development of this cysto- 

 carp, in speaking of the fruit of Gigartinese (pp. 202-208) (cf. 

 'Epicrisis Floridearum,' p. 174). The fruit-nucleus of Callo- 

 phf/llis is described as being composed of many small fruit-nucleoli, 

 which are formed within the large medullary cells of the 

 thallus. 



iiimi/ULCB. 



t For example, J. Agardh says (' Morphologia Floridearum/ p. 203) in 

 Iridaa the ripe fruit is finally loosened from the thallus. 



n2 



