VASCULAR SYSTEMS OF FLORAL ORGANS. 185 
circle in figure 5*. The five required for the tube and margins 
of the petal-lobes (as the midribs are wanting) are formed 
by chorisis of two of the three outer ones (5, 6,7, summit of 
ovary). 
In the male flower there are only the two dorsal carpellary 
cords (8), or at most occasionally three are present (9); and it 
may be remembered that three stigmas are also sometimes deve- 
loped in the Composite, thereby indicating a tendency to a 
reversion to the theoretically ancestral number, five. These two 
dorsal cords on reaching the top of the ovary branch right and 
left, horizontally and then give off five cords in a vertical direc- 
tion (10), at equal distances from one another, in order to supply 
the stamens. Figure 10 and figure 11 represent a vertical and 
horizontal view, respectively, and show the distribution of the 
cords. 
xxxvi. Hypocua@ris RADICATA.—In the flower of this plant 
the five staminal cords (st.) run down to the base of the ovary 
although united to the two dorsal cords, in the way shown in the 
figure, which will also explain how the cords have horizontal 
connections. 
XXXVII. ARTEMISIA VULGARIS.—In a disk-floret of this plant 
there are five cords running up the wall as in the last described 
plant; but on arriving at the summit of the ovary, two only 
branch to supply the style with two cords; while a complete 
horizontal zone connects all the cords together, indicated in the 
figure by a horizontal line. 
The corolla of a ray-floret, which is very rudimentary, contains 
no cords at all. Two cords only arise from the base of the ovary, 
and these pass but a short way up the style. 
The above described variations in the details of different 
genera of the Composite are interesting in showing the resources 
Nature has wherewith to supply the staminal and dorsal cords. 
It may be noticed that the remarkable way in which the staminal 
cords are supplied in the male Calendula and in Hypocheris, &c. 
finds a parallel in the Campanulacee, from which Composite have 
probably been derived. Thus in Campanula Medium the sepaline, 
* This quasi-separation of the ovary from the receptacular tube is visible in 
other genera, as in Alstræmeria (noticed by Ph. van Tieghem), &c., and clearly 
discountenances the idea of Sachs aud others that all below the summit of an 
inferior ovary is axial. 
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