STRUCTURE AND SYSTEMATIC POSITION OF CHANTRANSIA. 211 
of this theory by the removal of the species into Balbiania created 
for its reception. 
It is well known that the carpospore of Lemanea on germi- 
nating puts forth a so-called protonemal filament on which the 
fertile axes are borne; and it has been asserted by Peter (Bot. 
Verein, Miinchen, 28 Feb. 1887) that the sexual Lemanea Jluvia- 
tilis may develop from the heteromorphic branches of a Chan- 
transia. Sirodot had also (‘Les Batrachosperm.’ p. 4) made a 
similar assertion as to the connexion of Ch. violacea and Ch. 
amethystea with Lemanea. 
In the * Annals of Botany ’ (vol. iv. no. xiv., May 1890) there 
is a paper by Prof. Atkinson on “ The Lemaneaceæ of the United 
States," in which the so-called “ Chantransia-forms ” of Lemanea 
are described. According to this author also the “ Chantransia- 
forms " in question do not produce monospores, but stand in the 
relation of a protoneme to Lemanea. 
In addition to this there are a small number of species of 
Chantransia growing in fresh water and described in systematic 
books which have had no definite position or relation assigned to 
them. 
Sueh, then, is the extraordinary position of this genus. The 
marine forms only are perhaps regarded as valid, but exist merely 
The freshwater forms are some of them sporo- 
on sufferance. 
a residuum 
phytes of one plant or protonemes of another, while 
remains unattached to anything at present in the limbo of syste- 
matie papers on freshwater Algæ. 
The principal material of the present research was collected by 
Prof. Bower and Mr. Murray, in the beginning of last April, in 
the stream near Duntocher, running out of Loch Cochno on the 
Kilpatrick Hills, Dumbartonshire. The Chantransia was growing 
on Lemanea fluviatilis in minute tufts, rooting in the tissues of 
its host. On comparison with other species of Chantransia, 
notably with Ch. violacea, it was found to be new to science, and 
we have therefore described it below as Chantransia Boweri in 
honour of its finder. The separate filaments grow to about 
1 millim. in length, and the branches, which are always given off 
at the upper end of the cells, are either opposite or alternate in- 
h in a long hyaline 
definitely. The branches and twigs end eac 
hair with a slightly rounded tip. The lower cells of a filament 
are 3-4 times, those occupying the middle portion 4-5 times as 
long as the diameter ; while the cells at the tip diminish in length 
