STRUCTURE AND SYSTEMATIC POSITION OF CHANTRANSIA. 213 
trations that the development of the cystocarp also resembles 
Ch. corymbifera, the marine species, as described by Bornet. 
Owing to the scarcity of material in this condition, we were 
unable to investigate this process of development more fully. 
The trichogynes, so far as we have observed them, rather re- 
semble the figure of Ch. corymbifera by Schmitz (* Unters. ii. d. 
Befrucht. d. Florid.," in the Sitzungsber. d. Berlin. Akad. 1883, 
plate v. figs. 2, 3, & 4) than those by Bornet. The observer is 
constantly misled by the appearance o£ clusters of monosporanges 
surrounding an emergent hyaline hair into the belief that he is 
witnessing a young cystocarp crowned by a trichogyne. Such 
clusters have a wonderful superficial resemblance to the young 
cystocarps of Nemalion for example, though in Ch. Boweri the 
greater size of the carpospores enables one to detect them at once 
when accompanied in the same field by monosporanges. Besides 
more essential differences, the carpospores are of course in denser 
clusters and greater numbers in each cluster. 
The following diagnosis of the species sums up briefly its 
characters :— 
CHANTRANSIA BOWERT, n.sp.; cespite minuto, pallide violaceo ; 
filis radiatim dispositis ‘0085 mm. crassis, articulis quam diametro 
inferioribus 3-4plo, superioribus 4-5plo, supremis duplo longi- 
oribus, ramulis apicibus piliferis, oppositis interdum irregularibus; 
monosporangiis apiculatis, monosporis ovalibus aut subpyri- 
formibus sessilibus, oppositis binis aut ternis; cystocarpiis et 
antheridiis corymbosis, pedicellatis. 
Ad Lemaneam fluviatilem in rivulis prope Duntocher, montibus 
Kilpatrick, com. Dumbarton, Scotia; legerunt Bower et Murray, 
die dominica paschali April 1890. 
The nearest species, Ch. violacea, which also grows on Lemanea, 
differs from it (1) in the absence of the long hyaline hair at the 
end of the branches, and (2) the different proportions of the 
joints, and (3) in the thicker cell-walls. These combine to give 
it a quite different appearance *. 
* In examining species of Chantransia the student should be warned against 
the very deceptive appearance presented by the epiphytic species of Dermocarpa 
and the like. Not only in the case of Chantransia violacea in fresh water, but 
in Chantransia secundata in the sea, we have been temporarily misled several 
times by the extraordinarily close resemblance borne by clusters of Dermocarpa 
and its spores to both cystocarps and antherids. Minute and careful study and 
comparison alone enables one to avoid mistake in this matter. 
