THEIR FORM AND FUNCTION. 225 
GUTTIFERE. 
In the Guttifere stipules are absent, except in the genus 
Quiina. 
As typical instances of the species without stipules I may take 
Clusia rosea, in which the leaves are opposite, entire, obovate, 
rounded at the apex, tapering to the base, petiolate, thick, coria- 
ceous, glabrous, deep green above, paler beneath. Petioles more 
than half terete, flattened above, thickened and slightly dilated 
at the base, where they are furnished with a small ovate cushion- 
like process. The resting-bud is protected by the last-developed 
pair of leaves; the petioles are erect at the basal part and closely 
applied to one another, the cushion-like process being then con- 
cave with slightly raised edges, which form the line of contact. 
The bud is accommodated in the hollow space between the cavities 
of the two petioles. 
In other species also of this genus the petioles are grooved, 
and cover the bud in the young state. 
Again, in Garcinia Mangostana the leaves are oblong-elliptic, 
leathery, glabrous, and deep green above. The petiole is about 
3 in. lon g and developed at the base in the same manner as Clusia, 
although the cushion is not of very large size. 
Xanthochymus pictorius, allied to the last, has its leaves oppo- 
site, oblong-elliptic, shortly petiolate, rather closely feather- 
nerved, with the veins at right angles to the midrib, or nearly so. 
The petioles are furnished at the base with a triangular, narrow 
and elongated, ridge-like elevation of parenchyma. The ridges ot 
the last-developed pair of leaves are closely applied to one another 
and protect the terminal buds. 
On the other hand, the genus Quiina has stipules. Qudina 
rhytidopus has the leaves opposite, persistent, coriaceous but 
rather thin, lanceolate or oblong, obtuse, entire, shortly petiolate. 
The petioles are comparatively slender and not thickened at the 
base like the above-described species belonging to other genera, 
but are provided with a pair of stipules. The stipules are 
subulate, acuminate, slender, 6-8 millim. long, 3-1 millim. wide, 
persistent. 
SIMARUBEE. 
The Simarubez also are described as exstipulate, with the 
exception of Rigiostachys, Brunellia, Irvingia, and Cadellia. 
In Ailanthus glandulosa, however, the lower leaves have well- 
