230 SIR JOHN LUBBOCK ON STIPULES, 
filiform, broader and flattened at the base, finely pubescent, 
brown except at the base, and erect. They are developed in 
advance of the phyllodes, and project beyond them, thus forming 
a dense brush which protects the phyllodes in bud. 
Acacia verticillata and some nearly allied species constitute a 
very instructive and interesting case. Á. verticillata has linear, 
pointed, laterally compressed phyllodes, arranged in whorls, so 
that it has very much the look of a strong Galium. Buds only 
occur here and there along the stem, and the phyllodes generally 
have no stipules, their presence depending on whether there is 
or is not a bud. If there is no bud there are no stipules; while 
if a bud is formed, stipules are also developed (fig. 6). 
Fig. 6. 
Shoot of Acacia verticillata. S, S. Stipules. x 14. 
In Piptanthus P. nepalensis) the stipules are quite free from 
the leaf to which they belong, but inserted on the stem, with 
which they form a continuous connection all round. They are 
connate, but free for a short distance at the apex, with ovate, 
acute tips. In the bud state, each pair of stipules covers the 
whole of the younger organs, only leaving exposed the short 
petiole and the midribs of the leaflets of the leaf to which they 
belong, which, however, are covered by the stipules of the next 
older leaf. 
Lastly, in some Leguminosæ, as for instance in Aotus gracil- 
lima, the stipules are reduced to glands. 
ANACARDIACEE. 
The Anacardiaceæ are generally exstipulate, or the lower pair 
of leaflets of compouud leaves are stipuliform. 
