THEIR FORM AND FUNCTION. 231 
In Corynocarpus (C. levigatus), however, the stipules are well 
developed and iutrapetiolar. The leaves are simple, entire, alter- 
nate, stipulate, petiolate, feather-nerved, with ascending sub- 
ineurved veins, glabrous, shining on both surfaces, evergreen, 
narrowly obovate, cuspidate, tapering much to the base, scaly 
and glandular when young; the petioles are short, stout, semi- 
terete, and of equal width throughout, articulated with the stem; 
the stipules zntra-petiolar, connate, forming one ovate obtuse, 
two-nerved, membranous piece, colourless but soon turning 
brown, caducous, becoming disarticulated from the stem along a 
line on a level with the upper edge of the petiole and leaving a 
scar ultimately extending more than halfway round the stem. 
That the piece really consists of two stipules is evidenced by 
the two vascular bundles, which take their rise at the edge and 
base of the petiole, above which they converge considerably in 
the stipular body. The leaves are arranged on the 2 plan, and 
in bud they are conduplicate, enclosing all the younger leaves; 
at the base they taper away into the petiole, but the intrapetiolar 
stipules closely invest all the rest of the bud with the exception 
of the very base of the midrib of the next leaf. The whole bud 
is then covered by one leaf with its stipules together with the 
midrib of the next. It takes three leaves, however, to make a 
complete spiral round the axis. 
RosACEX. 
The Rosacew are another family in which, while stipules are 
generally present, in some genera they are obsolete or altogether 
absent. Exochorda (E. grandiflora), for instance, is exstipulate. 
The petiole is concave and amplexicaul, and the winter-bud is 
covered with a number of broadly triangular brown scales, some 
of which show indications of being tridentate at the apex. These 
lateral teeth are probably evidence of the former existence of 
stipules. The petiole of the lower leaves also sometimes shows 
short teeth at its upper end, which also probably represent the 
last trace of stipules. 
In most of the Rosacee the buds are protected by scales. 
These, however, are wanting in Eucryphia (E. Billardieri), but 
the buds are protected by stipules which are intrapetiolar, 
connate, coriaceous, and bear on their inner surface a number of 
orange-coloured glands. These secrete a quantity of yellow gum, 
