238 SIR JOHN LUBBOCK ON STIPULES, 
glands on the underside of the leaf supply a gummy secretion, 
fastening the young leaves together. 
Escallonia illinita.—Here again the leaves are lanceolate- 
elliptic, undulate, dentate-serrulate, thinly glandular beneath, 
evergreen, slightly downy on both sides of the midrib. The 
winter-bud is protected by reduced leaves, the petioles of which 
are slightly dilated and amplexicaul at the very base. The leaves 
in the interior of an advancing bud, even in winter, are seen to be 
rolled round the younger ones, and their petioles are very short, 
dilated, concave, clasping the bud so that two or three of them 
completely surround it. The short petioles are furnished with 
fleshy glands at their edges, and these together with those on 
the back of the leaf supply a gummy secretion for the protection 
of the bud. 
In other types of this family which have no stipules, as, for 
instance, in Francoa appendiculata, Schizophragma hydrangeoides, 
Deutzia gracilis, Carpenteria californica, Hydrangea, &c., the 
petioles are more or less dilated, channelled, and sheathing, so as 
to protect the buds. 
Decumaria barbara.—The petioles are semiterete, but the bases 
are dilated, triangular, concave, and amply protect the buds. 
HAMAMELIDER. 
Bucklandia (B. populnea).—The leaves are large, rotund-ovate, 
or subcordate, suddenly acuminate with long slender point, 
radiately 5-7-nerved from the base, entire with a cartilaginous 
margin, or 3-fid near the apex, owing to the first strong nerve on 
either side of the midrib running out into a point, leathery, 
glabrous, shining above, reticulate beneath with the main nerves, 
and the petiole red, simple, alternate, stipulate. 
The stipules are large, persistent (fig. 11), oval, obtuse, 
unequal-sided, with 2-3 parallel nerves on the side towards the 
petiole, and 4-5 on the side away from the petiole, leathery and 
glabrous. The two stipules eohere by their edges and form an 
almond-shaped box, in which the following leaves are enclosed. 
Within each pair of stipules one leaf is much more advanced than 
those which follow. It is conduplicate, attains a considerable 
size before emerging from the stipules, and is much folded both 
longitudinally and transversely. The petiole also elongates 
greatly and becomes twice folded or bent, as shown in fig. 11, 
