OF ALPINE PLANTS IN THE CAUCASUS. 265 
10,600 ft., and even 11,000 ft. The small, extreme alpine speci- 
mens have been named by Trautvetter var. ALPICOLA. In my 
collections they came from Alagös at 11,000 ft. Ruprecht’s 
highest stations are, besides the previously mentioned, Dindi- 
dagh, and Komitos-zweri in Tuschetien, at 10,600 ft. 
RANUNCULUS MONTANUS, Willd., var. GLABRATA, Trautv. My 
highest specimens were gathered in the Kapudschich Pass 
(Karabagh) on 15/27 June, 1871, a branching form, and on 
Sawalan on 20 June/2 July, 1880. In both cases they occurred 
close to the melting snow at more than 10,500 ft. This species 
grows a foot high and even more, about the elevation of 5000 ft. 
RANUNCULUS ELEGANS, O. Koch, = R. anemonifolius, DC. 
My highest grown specimens came from Schah-dagh at about 
9500-10,000 ft. In the subalpine zone this species grows 
slenderly to about eighteen inches high, and is thickly covered 
with hair. 
Of the Papaveraceæ only PAPAVER CAUCASICUM, Bieb., gets into 
the alpine zone, and that exceptionally. On 12/24 August, 1871, 
I collected it on my ascent of the Little Ararat, 14 cm. [112 in.] 
in height, at an elevation of about something over, 10,000 ft. 
Ruprecht, Fl. Cauc. p. 52, gives this plant from Tufan-dagh at 
9500 ft., ascending thither from the sea-level, as occurs in Tal- 
ysch in the bed of the Leukoranka. I am not able to pass an 
opinion on Ruprecht's P. ongorniruM, but it has also been found 
in the Mammison Pass at the same elevation. 
As regards the alpine species of Corypatts (which Ruprecht 
has generically separated as CapyirEs), C. CONORHIZA, Ledeb., 
C. OCHROLEUCA, Rupr., and C. PAUCIFLORA, Steph., are most 
widely distributed. C. conoruiza, to which C. MACROSEPALA, 
Rupr., and C. OCHROLEUCA, Kupr., belong as varieties, is in my 
herbarium from many localities. It occurs in turfy spots in the 
subalpine zone throughout the whole of the Caucasian region. 
We have it also from between 8000-10,000 ft., on Kasbek, 
Archotis-mta, Diclos, and Borbalo. 
At similar altitudes, and up to 11,500 ft., we have C. pauct- 
FLORA, Steph., in its variety PARVIFLORA, Regel, and C. ALPESTRIS, 
C. A. Mey. Ruprecht’s highest station is on Alachua-dagh, in 
Daghestan, and it there attains its extreme limit. I met with it 
on Kerigo and Archotis-mta above 10,000 ft. It prefers to 
grow, like Ranunculus arachnoideus and Pseudovesicaria, in bare 
