OF ALPINE PLANTS IN THE CAUCASUS. 271 
Of the numerous species of Pink which grow in the Caucasus 
I have only one to name as attaining the highest alpine zone. 
This is 
* DrANTHUS PETRÆUS, Bieb., var. MULTICAULIS, Boiss. Accord- 
ing to Parrot (Ruprecht, Fl. Caue. p. 170), this species is met with 
on Ararat at as high as 12,700 ft. 1 gathered it on Bingöl-dagh 
at more than 10,500 ft., the specimens were 10-11 em. [4-44 in.] 
in height, in full flower, 4/16 August, 1874. This Dianthus 
embraces the wide zone of 0-12,700 ft., as I found it on rocks 
near Lenkoran in the low country. 
Of the large series of the genus Silene, there are only two 
which are truly alpine, one of which has a very restricted vertical 
range: that is, the tiny 
SILENE HUMILIS, ©. A. Mey., which species inhabits the high 
Alps of Daghestan, from Tufan-dagh to Bogos. I found it at 
10,400 ft. in the Iohe Pass. Ruprecht noted there its maximum 
altitude as 1750 hexp.=11,180 ft. 
SILENE SAXATILIs, Bieb., was collected by the latter author, at 
the Dschuiti springs (Artschi-kala) at 11,629 ft., flowering when 
7 inches high, on 19 July. 
ALSINE PINIFOLIA, Fenzl, var. ROBUSTA, and var. PUMILA, 
Fenzl, =A. caucasica, Rupr. (Boiss. Fl. Orient. supp. p. 111). 
My highest station for the former lies on Archotis-mta at 10,200 
ft.; the latter variety at the foot of the Lazal. Ruprecht, FI. 
Caue. p. 204, reports the plant from Azunda at 11,370 ft. 
ALSINE AIZOIDES, Boiss. Collected in the neighbourhood of 
the melting snow, on Salawan at 11,000 ft., 20 June/2 July. 
Found also by Küp-göl at 11,400 ft. on 9/21 August, 1871. 
Djulti at 11,400 ft. by Ruprecht. 
ALSINE IMBRICATA, Bieb., dwells throughout the broad zone 
between 3500 ft. to nearly 12,000 ft. In the upper regions, the 
variety VESTITA, Fenzl, occurs, making strong roots and stolons, 
ten or twelve times the length of the above-ground portions. 
My extreme station is Azunta, at 12,000 ft. Ruprecht, Fl. Cauc. 
p. 209, records the plant from the summit of Artscha-kala, 
11,500 ft. Specimens are in the herbarium from all the high 
passes of the Great Caucasus. 
LINN. JOURN.—BOTANY, VOL. XXVIII. Z 
