276 DR. GUSTAV RADDE ON THE VERTICAL RANGE 
SAXIFRAGA LÆVIS, Bieb. I gathered specimens 5 cm. [24 in.] 
high on Schah-dagh, 27 June/9 July, 1885. 
SAXIFRAGA JUNIPERINA, Adam. My highest station was on 
the Kapudschich at nearly 12,000 ft.; flowering specimens 
hardly 2 cm. [1 in.] high, 15/27 June, 1871. 
SAXIFRAGA EXARATA, Vill. I have this species from all the 
heights of Caucasia. The greatest elevation is Kapudschich at 
almost 12,000 ft., and at the same level on the Great Ararat; at 
6000 ft. it produces a radical-leaved form, with flowering-stems of 
12 em. [5 in.] in height, as, for instance, in the Upper Kura, in 
a northern aspect. 
*SAXIFRAGA MUSCOIDES, Wulf. From all the high alpine 
quarters. My highest station is from the summit of the Little 
Ararat, at 12,800 ft.; these specimens bear a single flower on a 
stalk of only 15 mm. [å in.] high. Ruprecht cites 11,500 ft. as 
the maximum altitude for Daghestan. 
*SAXITRAGA SIBIRICA, Linn. At heights of more than 11,000 
ft. on Kapudschich, and the Great Ararat at nearly 12,000 ft., 
where it was still only 5-7 cm. [2-23 in.] high and single- 
flowered; it descends as low as 7000 ft. in the subalpine 
meadows, and then reaches a height of 18 em. [7 in.] with many 
flowers. I have the plant before me from all the high stations 
which I have noticed, twenty-two in number. Ruprecht, Fl. 
Cauc. ii. 807, gives the maximum height for Daghestan at 
11,800 ft. 
SAxrrRAGA HrncuLUs, Ling. Specimens brought from the 
Great Ararat at over 11,000 ft., 10 cm. [4 in.] high, on 9/21 
August, 1871; for the most part still in flower. 
SAXIFRAGA FLAGELLARIS, Willd. Y brought this from Elbruz 
at 9000 ft., Kasbek from over 10,000 ft., from Borbalo, Kerigo, 
Tschauchi, and Nussa from heights of 10,000 to fully 11,000 ft. 
Ruprecht, Fl. Cauc. 809, cites the zone of its oceurrence in 
Daghestan as from 7600 ft. to 11,000 ft. 
SAXIFRAGA CYMBALARIA, Zinn. On Sawalan up to 10,000 ft. 
*CHAMESCIADIUM FLAVESCENS, C. A. Mey., C. acaule, Bieb., 
was collected at heights of from 7000 ft. to 12,000 ft. The 
speeimeus from the greatest altitude came from the Great Ararat 
at the last-named elevation, where, from the strong roots, 
