OF ALPINE PLANTS IN THE CAUCASUS. 277 
inflorescences of 2 em. [1 in.] high were thrown up. At Küp- 
göl it was as much as 10 em. [4 in.] high; and from elevations 
of 7000-8000 ft. I possess specimens of 20 to 25 em. [8-10 in.] in 
height. Ruprecht gives the maximum altitude for Daghestan as 
9600 ft. 
CmxnoPHYLLUM HUMILE, Stev. From Borbalo and Schalbus 
at over 10,000 ft. Ruprecht, Fl. Cauc. 908, states 9600 ft. to be 
the maximum for Daghestan. 
ANTHRISCUS NEMOROSA, Bieb., var. GLABRA, Boiss., Fl. Orient. 
ii. p. 911. In hollows between rocks in the crater margin on 
Bingöl-dagh at 10,500 ft., 4/16 August, 1874; the specimens 
were three to five feet high. 
HERACLEUM INCANUM, Boiss. § Huet. In the same localities 
as the Anthriscus. 
SYMPHYOLOMA GRAVEOLENS, C. A. Mey. From the Great 
Caucasus, especially the Daghestan Alps, reaching as high as 
10,500 ft. in the Iohe Pass. Ruprecht, Fl. Cauc. 1063, gives 
its occurrence in the same regions at 9000—10,000 ft. 
ASPERULA ASPERA, Bieb., var. BRACHYSTEGIA, Boiss. On 
Bingol-dagh at 10,000 ft. 
VALERIANA DAGHESTANICA, Rupr.; see Boiss. Fl. Orient. iii. 
p. 87. Discovered by Ruprecht on Djulti-dagh at 10,500 ft. 
VALERIANA SISYMBRIIFOLIA, Desf. Occurs on Bingöl-dagh at 
9000 ft., and was found by Haussknecht in the Alps of South- 
west Persia at 13,000 ft. 
VALERIANA LEUCOPILEA, DC. On Bingöl-dagh at 10,500 ft. ; 
on Sawalan at nearly 11,000 ft., noted by myself. 
BETCKEA CAUCASICA, Boiss. Ascending the Iohe Pass to 
10,400 ft. ; recorded by Ruprecht at 9000-9600 ft. in Daghestan ;. 
see Boiss. Fl. Orient. iii. 94. 
Aster ALPINUS, Linn. Reaches nearly to 10,000 ft. 
ERIGERON PULCHELLUM, Willd. Was collected on Bingöl-dagh 
at fully 10,000 ft., on 4/16 August, 1571; and I found it at 
Küp-gól a foot high at more than 11,000 ft. on 8/20 August, 
1871. Ruprecht gives the elevation in the Caueasus at 9600 ft. 
