296 MESSRS. LACE AND HEMSLEY ON THE 
dicular stony sides of dry watercourses Cocculus Leæba is often 
seen, sometimes associated with Ochradenus baccatus and Pulicaria 
glaucescens. 
Many grasses are represented, though few occur in abundance, 
except Andropogon laniger, which often covers large tracts on 
the lower hills. Other common species are: Andropogon Schæ- 
nanthus, A. annulatus, Heteropogon hirtus, Pollinia eriopoda, 
Tristachya Stocksii, and Eleusine scindica. 
On reaching the Shahrag plateau (4000 ft.), eighteen miles from 
Hurnai, there is a change in the climate. Although very hot in 
summer, snow falls there occasionally in winter, and many plants, 
such as Dalbergia Sissoo, Vitex Agnus-Castus, Zizyphus, &e., 
which thrive well 500 ft. lower down, reach their limit. At 
Shahrag, Merendera persica, with clusters of white, pink, or violet 
flowers, is very abundant in February, and a little later on the 
fields are often full of the common purple Iris Sisyrinchium. 
After passing through the Chappar rift (5000 ft.), two miles 
in length, in which Leontice leontopetalum, Crambe cordifolia, 
Echinops Grifithianus, Crepis fætida, Salvia pumila, and Euphor- 
bia osyridea are common, the railway passes into the Mangi 
valley at 5200 ft. In the bed of the Mängi stream Nerium 
odorum and small bushes of Tamarix gallica are the prevalent 
plants; and on the neighbouring hills Juniperus macropoda 
occurs in a more or less stunted form. Caragana ambigua and 
Othonnopsis intermedia are common, and in afew places Capparis 
spinosa occurs. During the summer Carthamus oxyacantha is 
abundant locally, and Psammogeton biternatum extends over 
considerable areas ; and this is the lowest point at which Perow- 
skia abrotanoides is found. In the swampy grass-land Typha 
angustifolia is plentiful. 
Opposite to, and a short distance from, the Chappar, is the Pil 
rift, a narrow gorge rising to 6500 ft., at the entrance to which 
are a few bushes of Rubus fruticosus, a very uncommon shrub, 
which is said, however, to occur in some of the ravines of the 
Khwaja Amrän range. 
Vegetation from Hurnai to Loralat. 
About five miles N.E. of Hurnai one of the rifts, so common ib 
the ranges of limestone of British Baluchistan, is reached, through 
which passes the Militarv road to the Bori valley. Along this route 
the flora is wonderfully rich in species, at least for Baluchistan, 
