346 MR. M. C. POTTER ON THE 
the base of the petiole on its upper surface. "This projection is 
concave on the side nearest the stem and fits close to it. The 
projections at the apex of the stem are considerably longer than 
the young internodes, so that they arch over and cover up the 
'growing-point with its undeveloped leaves (fig. 3, A and B, Pl. 
XLVI.). Inthis manner the young buds and leaves are com- 
pletely covered up, and hence are protected from the heat of a 
tropical sun. 
CANARIUM ZEYLANICUM, Blume. 
The large tree Canarium zeylanicum, Blume, is endemie in 
Ceylon, and gives a striking example of one of the contrivanees 
in use to protect young buds. A drawing of a branch of this plant 
is given in fig. 4, A (Pl. XLVI.), in which it is seen that C. zey- 
lanicum has imparipinnate leaves, and at the base of the petiole 
two scales are placed one on each side (fig. 4, A, a). It is with 
these scales that we are concerned. If we turn our attention to 
the growing-point of the branch (fig. 4, A), it will be noticed that 
it is covered over with a séries of scales. The scale in its , 
young condition (fig. 4, B) is an ovate expansion, concave on the 
inner side, and in this stage it covers over the growing-point; 
soon, however, it commences to expand laterally, and begins to 
develop the young leaf at its apex (fig. 4, C). This process 
continues (fig. 4, D) until the leaf and scales are fully expanded 
(fig. 4, E). Like the stipules in Wormia below described, these 
scales are cast off as soon as they cease to have any protecting 
function, and leave behind them scars (fig. 4, A, b) upon the sides 
of the petiole. 
By means of these scales the growing-point of each branch is 
covered over and protected, and tbe scales not only protect the 
growing-point, but they also afford protection to the young and 
growing internodes. In the drawing of the apex of a branch the 
scales are drawn separated from the internodes for the sake of 
clearness, but in the natural condition the scales clasp round 
the internodes and so prdtect them. 
Womnwra. 
Among the Dilleniaceæ the protection afforded to the bud by sti- 
pules is well pronounced in the genus Wormia. Treub has already 
called attention to the means of protection in W. ochreata, Teysm. 
& Binn., but has not given a detailed account; and since the con- 
trivance for protection is rather different in this species from 
