402 MR. W. AND MISS A. BATESON ON FLORAL VARIATIONS 
We will now describe the attitudes of the stamens in these 
different forms of flower. The stamens are, of course, inserted 
into the bases of the segments of the outer whorl. As in other 
Iridacee, they are extrorse in their position of origin; that is 
to say, the side of the anther upon which dehiscence afterwards 
takes place is turned outwards and faces the segment from 
which the filament arises. This position, however, is not retained 
in the developed flower excepting only in the case of pelorie or 
actinomorphic flowers, which will hereafter be described. The 
attitude of the stamens differs according to the type to which 
the flower belongs. If the perianth is arranged according to 
the first type, having an anterior median outer petal, the 
stamens will be found in very nearly every case to be standing 
in such a way that the anthers lie parallel to each other with 
their faces turned towards the anterior side of the flower. A 
reference to the diagram of the first type wiil show that, as 
all the stamens in this case are turned the same way, it is 
not possible for each of them to stand in the same relation to 
the segment from which it arises; and as a matter of fact it 
will be found that the stamen of the median anterior outer 
petal retains its primitive position, facing the petal, while each 
of the other two is rotated through 60°, so that it stands side- 
ways to its own petal, neither facing it nor turned from it. 
In this way all three stamens stand facing in the same direction. 
If, on the other hand, the flower be of the second type, the 
stamens generally assume one of three positions. In most 
cases the anthers do not all face the same way, but two of them, 
namely those of the antero-lateral segments of the outer whorl, 
face forwards, while the stamen of the posterior and median seg- 
ment stands either in its position of origin, facing its segment, 
or more usually it stands sideways. In a very few flowers this 
stamen did also face forwards, being twisted from its original 
extrorse position and turned through two right angles, thus having 
its back to its own segment. 
It is thus seen that there is very marked difference in the 
arrangement and symmetry of these two types of flowers, both 
as regards the perianth and the position of the stamens, and 
before describing the characters of intermediate flowers it will 
be well to try to realize in some degree the relation of the forms 
of these two types to each other. 
The original ground-plan of a flower of Gladiolus is very 
