172 SURG.-MAJ. J. E. T. AITCHISON ON THE FLORA OF 
eiliuseulis 1-5-cephalis, foliis pinnatifidis, involucro araneoso, bracteis 
numerosis spinis erecto-patentibus armatis, acheniis ecostatis com- 
pressis, pappo brevi. 
Herba perennis vel biennis, erecta, 1-2 ped. alta, fere omnino glabra, cau- 
libus graciliusculis, apteris, striatis, interdum ad nodos leviter araneosis, 
1-5-cephalis. Folia coriacea, rigida, luteo-viridia (saltem in siccis) 
glabra, nitida, pinnatifida, spinosa, usque ad 6 poll. longa et 13 poll. 
lata, prominenter nervosa; radicalia petiolata; caulina sessilia, amplexi- 
caulia. Capitula nunc solitaria, nunc 2-5 aggregata, subglobosa, absque 
spinis ad 13 poll. diametro; involucri bractez numerose, exteriores 
araneosz, basi latz, spinis rectis 6-9 lineas longis, erecto-patentibus ; 
interiores scariosz, lineares, acuminate, floribus breviores, dorso atro- 
fusce ; receptaculum convexum, setis barbellatis. Flores numerosissimi, 
purpurei; filamenta glabra; antherarum appendices leviter lacerat. 
Achenia ecostata, obovato-oblonga, compressa, maculosa, levia, glabra ; 
pappi sete paucze, barbellatze, achenio multo breviores. 
Hariáb district, base of Mount Síka-rám, at an altitude of from 
9000 to 12,000 feet. 
The leaves, on drying, become quite yellow. 
359,—923 (1879). Cousinia (§ Alpina) elegans, Aitchison & Hemsley, 
n. sp. (Plate XVIII. figs. 1-8.) Aff. C. multilobe, sed caulibus sim- 
plicibus sepissime monocephalis, capitulis majoribus, involucri bracteis 
non recurvis, etc. 
Herba perennis, caulibus floccosis, simplicibus, erectis, 10-15 poll. altis, 
sepissime monocephalis (interdum capitula 2, quorum 1 multo minus), 
apteris. Folia subtus niveo-floecoso-araneosa, inferiora petiolata, usque 
ad 9 poll. longa et 2 poll. lata, omnia pinnatipartita, segmentis multi- 
jugis, 2-3-partitis, supra glabris, costis latis, prominentibus, pallidi- 
oribus (stramineis) in spinas rigidas abeuntibus. Capitula subglobosa, 
absque spinis usque ad 2 poll. diametro, polyantha ; involucri bractez 
exteriores 15-20, basi late, araneosz, dure, acerosx, rectz, patentes, 
flores multo excedentes, ad 14 poll. longz ; interiores numerosiores sca- 
riosze, lineares, rectz, acutze, ciliolatz, floribus breviores ; receptaculum 
convexum, setis pilosis. Flores purpurei; filamenta glabra; anthera- 
rum caude paucilacerate. Achenia valde immatura tantum visa; 
pappi setze breves, scabride. 
In the Hariáb district, on the ridges of Mount Síka-rám, from 
9000 to 12,000 feet, common. 
353, 375, 376,5 1234, 1226 (1879). C. ($ Alpine) scala, Aitchison $ 
Hemsley, n. sp. (Non eadem ac 3326, 3327, Griffith.) Facie foliis 
C. multilobe similis, sed distincta capitulis numerosis cymoso-paniculatis 
et involucri bracteis interioribus apice membranaceo-dilatatis. 
Herba perennis vel biennis, erecta, usque ad 4 ped. alta, fere omnino 
