MR. 0. BERTRAM ON ETJPHOBBTACE^. 211 



and the capsule dry, and a considerable number of the species are 

 herbaceous, or even annuals, though some are shrubby, but scarcely 

 arborescent. These are : — 6. Emblicastrum, a single species from 

 the Malayan Archipelago, with the habit of Emblica, but differing 

 from the whole genus in the female inflorescence and flower. 

 7. Willi arnia, three Cuban species, remarkable for the stamens 

 twice or thrice the number of sepals, and arranged in two or 

 three series. 8 and 9. Paraphyllanthus and Euphyllanthus \ com- 

 prising together nearly 200 species dispersed over the whole 

 area of the genus, two or three of them almost cosmopolitan 

 weeds ; both the sections usually, but not always, 3-androus, 

 with precisely similar variations in habit, and differing from each 

 other solely in the anthers, which in Paraphyllanthus are erect, 

 with distinct parallel longitudinal cells, whilst in Euphyllanthus 

 they are divergent from the centre or reflexed outwards, with 

 oblique divergent or horizontally divaricate cells opening ob- 

 liquely or transversely with regard to the axis of the flower, and 

 in two or three species the three anthers are confluent in a single 

 ring round the central column. This character, however, is 

 purely artificial, widely separating, for instance, two species so 

 similar as P. Niruri and P. urinaria ; but being apparently con- 

 stant, the sections are practically useful. 10. JReidia, about 

 25 Old- World tropical species, distinguished from Euphyllan- 

 thus by the anthers two only, but so divided as to appear like 

 four 1-celled anthers, sessile crosswise at the apex of the column. 

 For the sectional name Mueller has preferred HasskarPs rather 

 older name of Eriococcus; but that was only applied by the author 

 to the species with woolly ovaries, as indicated by the name, and 

 Wight's name Beidia was given to the whole of his genus, now 

 forming the section. Lastly, 11. Xylophyllum, about 10 tropi- 

 cal American leafless shrubs, with the floral characters sometimes 

 of Paraphyllanthus, sometimes of Euphyllanthus, but w r ith pecu- 

 liar flattened phyllodineous branches, which induced their esta- 

 blishment as a distinct genus from the days of Schreber and 

 Gaertner, though not by Linnaeus, to whom the genus is some- 

 times ascribed. There are, among exceptional species in various 

 sections, two or three from New Caledonia or Madagascar with 

 strictly opposite leaves, three or four from various countries with 

 the short flowering branches frequently (but not always) leafless, 

 so as to assume the aspect of racemes of flower-clusters ; in the 

 East-Indian P, bceobotryoides the male flowers are really in axil- 



