242 MB. G. BENTHAM ON EUPHOKBIACEiE. 



different, and the female plant, which could alone supply the 

 generic character of Stillingia, is unknown. It is most probably 

 a species of Sebastiania. 6. Sapium, a genus of about 25 species, 

 from both the New and the Old World, referred by Mueller as 

 well as Baillon to Exccecaria. It appears to me, however, to 

 differ much more from that genus than does Sebastianza. The 

 calyx is lobed only, not composed of distinct scales, the inflores- 

 cence is terminal and simple or, in one specie?, paniculate, and 

 the capsule is more fleshy, usually opening in loculicidal valves 

 leaving the seeds very frequently long attached to the persistent 

 columella, or in anomalous species at length separating in inde- 

 hiscent hard cocci or pyrenes, never showing the normal elasti- 

 cally 2-valved cocci. Conosapium, Muell. Arg., a Madagascar 

 species retained in the * Prodromus ' as a separate genus on 

 account of a trifling difference in the receptacle of the male 

 flower and in the laterally flattened styles, is probably a true 

 Sapium ; but the fruit is unknown. Sapium indicwn, though very 

 distinct in its large fruit separating at length into hard indehiscent 

 cocci, has the other characters of Sapium. Falconer ia of Boyle, 

 also included by Mueller in Fxccecaria, has all the characters of 

 Sapium, except that the fruit has a more succulent exocarp and 

 remains indehiscent, or the endocarp sometimes separates into 

 distinct pyrenes. These two may be regarded as either distinct 

 sections of Sapium or as separate genera. 7. Bonania, a Cuban 

 genus of six species, has the broadly lobed calyx of the six pre- 

 ceding genera, and is in many respects very near Sapium, but 

 with a peculiar habit, a slightly different dehiscence of the cap- 

 sule, and the spikes generally axillary ; some of the species, how- 

 ever, are scarcely sufficiently known to fix exactly the limits of 

 the genus. 8. Ditto is a single Cuban species with the habit of 

 Bonania, but only known from fruiting specimens with very 

 resinous 2-coccous capsules ; its affinities therefore are as yet very 

 uncertain. 9. Sebastiania, about 40 species, all but one Ameri- 

 can, and 10. Fxcoecaria, nearly 30 described species, almost en- 

 tirely from the Old World, might well have been combined in 

 one genus, distinguished from Sapium in the small calyx consisting 

 of 3 distinct scale-like sepals, and especially in the capsule (which 

 is always the normal Euphorbiaceous one) separating into 3 elas- 

 tically 2-valved cocci, leaving a central columella. The Sebas- 

 tianice, however, are usually much more slender than the Exccb- 

 earia, and the spikes generally, but not always, all or mostly ter- 



