312 3IB. C. B. CLAIIKE OS GARDENIA TUBGIDA. 



campanalata) represents a branch with clustered male flowers, and 



shows the calyx slightly 5-toothed. "Wight's Ic. t. 579 (G. tur- 

 gidd) represents the flowers, some clustered, some solitary, the 

 calyx-teeth small, triangular, acute ; the figure appears a com- 

 promise between male and female specimens. Wight's Ic. t. 577 

 (G. inontanci) represents a branch with clustered male flowers 

 above, ripe solitary fruits below, the calyx of the male flowers 

 scarcely toothed. It is possible that G. montana may be monoi- 

 cous ; but it is hardly probable that one branch carries male 

 flowers and ripe fruit at the same time ; the picture, I fear, is a 

 composition. Neither Roxburgh nor Wight appears to have had 

 the slightest suspicion that the flow r ers were strictly monosexual, 

 far less that they might be dioicous. Roxburgh, however, com- 

 plains of his specimen plant of G. turgida, that after being twelve 

 years in the Calcutta Botanic Garden it had never ripened a single 

 fruit. 



Next Blume (Bijd. 1017) finds G. campanulata, Boxb., in Java. 

 Blume's work is a very remarkable one ; and he is not often for 

 wrong in his identification of Indian plants. De Candolle, 

 however (Prodr. iv. 383), makes a new species, G. Blumeana, DC, 

 out of Blume's plant, because Blume described it as with calyx- 

 teeth " ovatis obtusiusculis." 



The explanation I offer of these difficulties is: — G. turgida is a 

 dioicous shrub, or at all events the branches are very generally 

 monosexual ; the male flowers have the calyx-limb truncate, with 

 5 minute points on the margin (fig. 2) ; the calyx-limb of the 

 female has 5 spathulate elliptic lobes \ in. long (fig. 1). In one 

 male branch I have found one male flower in which the calyx has 

 one enlarged calyx-tooth (fig. 3). G. campanulata and montana 

 have similarly a truncate calyx in the male, a lobed calyx in the 

 female flowers. If some reason be required for so curious an 

 arrangement, we may suppose that the female flower benefits 

 by an extra protection in a greater degree than does the male. 

 The third figure is the only male flower w r ith an enlarged calyx- 

 segment that I have been able to find. 



