COLLECTED DURING THE ENGLISH POLAR EXPEDITION. 353 



14. Cetraria Fahlunensis {L.\ Schcer. 

 Cape York ; without apothecia. 



15. P^RMELIA SAXATILIS (L.), Fr. 



Brevoort Island ; sterile, but otherwise perfectly developed. 

 Var. /3. omphalodes (Z.), Fr. Alexandra Haven, sterile. 



16. Parhelia physodes (L.), Ach. 



Winter-quarters of ' Alert ' (f. obscurata, Ach.) and ' Disco- 

 very/ on mosses and old wood, sterile. 



17. Parmelia encausta (Sm.),lfyL, /3. intestiniformis(F&7/.), 

 Th. Fr. 



Westward-Ho ! Valley, sterile, on pebbles. 



18. Parmelta olivacea (X.), Ach. 



On mosses and stones, sterile : Floeberg Beach ; "Westward- 

 Ho 1 Valley ; Mount Stephenson. Thallus more or less sprinkled 

 with very minute verrucas, even so abundantly that it might be 

 mistaken for Lopadium pezizoideum. In the stratum medullare 



no reaction by the hypochlorite of lime (=CaCl — ). 



Var. fi. prolixa. Ach. Alexandra Haven, a small and sterile 

 fragment with narrow laciniae. Thallus CaCl. 



19. Parhelia lanata (X.), Wallr. 



Summit of Cape Union (1200 f.); Westward-Ho! Valley; 

 Alexandra Haven ; Cape York. Always sterile. 



20. Parmelia separata, n. sp. Thallo crustaeeo-cartilagineo, 

 laxe adhaerente, ochroleuco vel vetusto passim in livid urn vergente, 

 opaco, subtus nigricante et fibrillis longis nigricantibus passim 

 dense vestito ; laciniis confertis subimbricatisque, angustis, leviter 

 convexis ; apotheciis non visis. 



Westward-Ho ! Valley, on mosses. 



This is in some respects intermediate between P. conspersa and 

 P. centrifuga, resembling the former most in characters, the latter 

 in habitat. The above description shows, however, how readily 

 it may be distinguished from both. It may be added that the 

 thallus by the hydrate of potash or the hypochlorite of lime, or 

 these combined, neither externally nor internally changes colours ; 

 nor do the hyphse give a bluish tint with the aqueous solution 

 of iodine. Epithallus, when old, rimuloso-diffract. The under- 

 side of the laciuise pale at the tips, without fibrils, smooth, or with 

 few darker papilla). Thallus not, as that of P. conspersa, sprinkled 

 with black punctiform spcrmogonia, but, on the contrary, pre- 



