THE BOTANY OF GOUGH ISLAND. 241 
ferns. Four of the seventeen species of phanerogams are almost 
without doubt introduced (Hypochwris glabra, Sonchus oleraceus, 
Rumex obtusifolius, and Plantago major). Of the remaining 
21 species of Gough Island plants, eighteen are recorded from 
Tristan da Cunha—one (Hydrocotyle leucocephala) is a South- 
American plant and two are endemic (Cotula Sp. nov. and 
Asplenium sp. nov.) Of the eighteen species also recorded 
from Tristan da Cunha, four certainly, and probably six, are 
endemic to the group. The mosses, liverworts, lichens, and 
fungi, the determination of which is not quite complete, will 
form the subject of a second paper. In conelusion, I have to 
thank the authorities at Kew and the British Museum for the 
facilities granted me for working in their herbaria. To Mr. C. B. 
Clarke I am particularly indebted for his determination of the 
species of Scirpus, and I would express my thanks to Mr, A. N. 
Bruce, B.Se., for the care and trouble he has taken in the 
drawing of Plate 9 accompanying this paper. 
DICOTYLEDONES. 
PHYLICA NITIDA, Lam. Encycl. ii. p. 77 ; DC. Prodr. ii. p. 35; 
Hemsl. Chall. Bot. i. 11. p. 148, t. 25. P. arborea, Thou. 
Esq. Fl. Trist. p. 45. P. mauritiana, Boj. ex Baker, Fl. 
Maurit. p. 53. 
Very common on the island up to a height of about 2000 feet, 
growing even on the most exposed ridges.. It seldom grows 
more than some 25 feet in height, and the stems are always much 
bent and gnarled and generally covered with a growth of lichens. 
Distribution. Tristan da Cunha, Inaccessible and Nightingale 
Islands, Amsterdam Island, Reunion and Mauritius. 
HYDROCOTYLE LEUCOCEPHALA, Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea, i. 
(1826) p. 364. 
Common in the glen in swampy places under waterfalls. This 
species differs from Hydrocotyle capitata, Thouars—the Tristan 
da Cunha plant—in the almost total absence of hairs on the 
leaves and leaf-stalks, except an occasional sparse covering near 
the blade. 
Distribution. Brazil and Paraguay. This species does not 
appear to have been recorded outside of these two countries. 
