416 ME. F. DARWIN ON THE 



2. The most apical bud, 3 centims. from the end of the cutting, 

 was the only one which was developed ; and on Nov. 9th it had 

 grown into a shoot 4 centims. long, 3 millims. thick at the base, 

 and tapering towards the tip. At 9 millims. from the apex of 

 this shoot was a shining projection, which was proved by micro- 

 scopical examination to be the rudiment of a root. I had ob- 

 served this swelling several days previously ; but as it had shown 

 no signs of increasing in size I thought it useless to continue the 

 experiment. 



3. The most apical bud did not develop ; the next three buds, 

 distant 15, 28, and 34*5 centims. from the apex, were well deve- 

 loped on Oct. 24. The most apical shoot was 25 millims. in length 

 to the tip of its scale-like leaves, 7 millims. thick, and had two or 

 three roots growing out from its lower side, and many others just 

 visible as rudiments. The other two shoots showed no sign of 

 root-formation. This case is irreconcilable with the belief that 

 the root-forming matter in the cutting tends to flow down- 

 wards ; for if this were the case, the lower, not the uppermost, 

 shoot would have produced roots. We may therefore attach more 

 value to the case of bramble No. 2 in the first experiment (see 

 p. 415). 



4. The apical bud, 25 millims. from the end, was the only one 

 which developed ; and on Nov. 9th it had grown into a shoot 

 5 centims. long, 5 millims. thick at its base, and tapering towards 

 the tip. At 8 and 13 millims. from the tip were two shining 

 swellings, about 1 millim. in height, which were proved microsco- 

 pically to be undeveloped roots. 



5 & 6. The most apical bud developed in both, but decayed 

 without rooting. 



7. Oct. 4th, the apical bud was developed, but had not rooted. 

 It was then hung in the inverse position ; and on Oct. 20th it had 

 made a few small roots. 



As already pointed out, the cases such as No. 2 in Experiment I. 

 and No. 3 in Experiment II. are not quite conclusive ; but Nos. 2 

 and 4 in the second experiment leave no room for doubt. The part 

 of the branch from which the root-bearing side-shoot was deve- 

 loped had always grown above the horizon ; it had hung apex 

 upwards during its life as a cutting ; the shoot was developed 

 from the most apical bud, close to the end of the cutting ; and 

 the rudiments of roots were developed near the apices of these 

 Bide-shoot8 *. 



* Some other experiments were made on cuttings and mutilated branch* 



