476 DB. MAXWELL T. MASTEBS OK 



eluding Thuyopsis, Biota, and CJiamcecyparis or Betinospora) has 



three species peculiar to Japan, including T. japonica or Stan- 



dishii ; Juniperus is represented by five species — three peculiar 



to Japan, two others common to Japan and China ; Cryptomeria 



occurs both in Japan and in China ; neither Taxodium nor Sequoia 



is found in Japan. Cephalotaxus is represented in Japan by three 



endemic species ; a fourth occurs in China. One species of Yew 



(Taxus tardiva) is peculiar to Japan ; another is common to that 



country and China. Torreya has one Japanese species ; others 



are found in China, Florida, and California — widely separated 



regions. Ginkgo has been already alluded to. Podocarpus has 



three Japanese species ; and others occur in China. C mining Jiamia 



is exclusively Chinese, and Sciadopitys Japanese. Pinus has four 



species in Japan ; but none are peculiar — China, North-east Asia, 



and in one case Europe even affording them a home. Of Picea 



(Spruce Firs) there are five species in Japan, three of which are 



peculiar ; one is found in Corea also, and the others on the 



mainland of Temperate East Asia. Tsuga has two species peculiar 



to Japan. The Silver Firs (Abies) have three endemic species in 



Japan, and others common to Japan and North-east Asia. Larix 



has one species endemic to Japan and Tesso. 



It may therefore be said that there are 41 species of Conifers 

 in Japan, of which no fewer than 22 are supposed to be endemic ; 

 but this estimate will no doubt be diminished as our knowledge 

 of the flora of adjacent regions increases. 



Seven or eight species are common to Japan and China, the 

 total in China amounting to about 20 species. Nine or ten 

 species are common to Japan and the mainland of North-east 

 Asia, the total number of species recorded from Manchuria and 

 Amuria being 15. Only one species or variety (Pinus Cembra, var. 

 pumila) is recorded as common to Japan, North Asia, and 

 America, either on the Atlantic or Pacific sides. In Sachalin 

 only 3 species are as yet recorded, all of which occur also in 

 Japan. From Arctic Asia 6 species are known, none of which 

 extends into Japan. In Siberia 14 species are enumerated, only 

 one or two of which are found in Japan. The few species yet 

 known from the Kurile Islands are also met with in Japan. Six 

 species are known to inhabit Kamtschatka, of which Pinus 

 koraiensis occurs also in Jnpan. The remaining species are of the 

 Siberian group. On the other hand, all the species hitherto found 

 in Corea occur also in Japan. The Conifers of the outlying islands 



