THE CONIFERS OF JAPAN. 501 



Jahrbiicher, 1880) traces the genus back to the Carboniferous 

 epoch, and thence through the Secondary and Tertiary periods. 

 He considers it the type of a section Salisburiece, comprising 

 eight genera and sixty-one species !, which were generally dis- 

 persed in the temperate and arctic zones of the northern hemi- 

 sphere. 



The drupe-like fruit, both in external appearance and in in- 

 ternal structure, resembles closely that of Cycas. The perisperm 

 is covered with a brown membrane, the lower half of which is 

 adherent to the shell. The cotyledons are two in number, retained 

 within the seed, thick, oblong, appressed, and shortly petioled ; 

 the radicle is superior, short ; the plumule, which ascends between 

 the stalks of the cotyledons, is triangular, and the first leaves are 

 arranged on the £ plan in all the specimens of germinating plants 

 that I have examined ; but as the leaves on the growing shoots 

 are mostly distichous, these specimens were probably exceptional. 

 A note of M. Gay's in the Kew herbarium states that in the con- 

 tracted flowering shoots the arrangement of the scales and leaves 

 is on the f\ plan. 



Pobocakptts, L'Herit. ; H. B. K. ; Parlatore ; Benth. 

 et Hook. 



P. Nageia, B. Br., ex Parlatore in DC. Prod. xvi. 2, p. 508 ; 

 Sieb. et Zucc. Fl. Jap. ii. p. 71, t. 135 ; Maximowicz, Mel. Biol. 

 vii. p. 562 ; Miguel. 



In Japoniae montibus, Kcempfer, Thunberg, Siebold; Nanga- 

 saki, Maximowicz !, Oldham ! ; Yokoska, Savatier. 



Var. rotixndifolia, Maximowicz in Kegel, Garten Flora, 

 1864, p. 37 ; P. ovata, Henh. et Hochst. p. 381, fide Maxi- 

 mowicz ; Franchet et Savatier. 



Var. angustifolia, Maximowicz, I. c. ; Franchet et Savatier. 

 In Japonia, Siebold !, Oldham ! 



P. ciESiA, Maximowicz, Mel. Biol. vii. p. 561 ; Franchet et 

 Savatier. 



In urbe Nangasaki rarius culta. E Japonia meridionali ortam 

 suspicatur cl. auctor. 



P. appkessa, Maximoioicz, loc. cit. 

 In urbe Teddo rarius culta. 



P. macbophtlla, Don in Lambert, Pinus, ed. 2, p. 123, et 



