THE CONIFEBS OF JAPAN. 505 



other things, by parenchymatous ducts. In Siebold's type spe- 

 cimens such an arrangement is seen. The leaves have few or no 

 hypoderm- or strengthening-cells, and the central woody bundle 

 is inversely heart-shaped on transverse section, the point being 

 upwards. This corresponds with the three-sided form of the 

 leaf. 



P. Cembba, Linn. Sp. PI. 1000, et auct. ; Parlatore in DC. Prod. 

 xvi. 2, p. 403 (1868) ; Fngelmann, Revision, p. 16, adnot. 4. 



In toto Alpium jugo, in Carpatis valles, in Rossia boreali ; per 

 omnem Sibiriam borealem et alpinam frequens. 



Var. /3. pumila, Parlatore, I. c. ; Maximowicz, Primit. Fl. 

 Amur. p. 260 (1859). 



P. mandshurica, Rupr. ex Regel, Tent. Fl. JJssur. p. 149 ; 

 Murray in Pinet. Brit, part 17; Maximowicz, I. c. 



In Davuria, Sibiria orientali, Kamtschatka, insulis Ku- 

 rilibus, et in America arctica ad sinum Kotzebue, in ins. 

 Sachalin, Schmidt ! 



P. silvestris, Linn. Sp. PI. 1000, ed. 2, 1418, et auct. ; Parla- 

 tore in DC. Prod. xvi. 2, p. 385 (1868), c. synon. et varr. plurim. ; 

 Fngelmann, Revision, p. 16, adnot. 8. 



In Europa arctica, boreali et media ; in Asia arctica et boreali- 

 orientali ; in Sibiria omni a montibus Uralensibus ad Altaicos, 

 in Sibiria orientali et in Davuria et prope fl. Amur, Caucasus, 

 Asia Minor, Persia. 



P. Massoniana, Lambert, Pinet. ed. 1, t. 12 (1803), ed. 2, 

 p. 16, t. 8, et edit. 3, p. 20, t. 8, non aliorum ; Parlatore in DC. 

 Prod. xvi. 2, p. 389 (1868); Fngelmann, Revision, p. 16, adnot. 11. 



? P. silvestris, Loureiro, non Linn., ex Parlatore, I. c. 



P. sinensis, Lamb. Pinet. ed. 3, p. 47, t. 29 ; Antoine ; Fnd- 

 licher, excl. syn. ; Carriere, excl. syn. ; Gordon, quoad plant. 

 Sinens. et excl. syn. 



Hongkong, Champion !, Hinds ! ; China, Macartney !, Reeves !, 

 Seemann ! ; Formosa, Oldham 554 ! 



Engelmann points out the distinctive characters of this Chinese 

 species, and even refers Griffith's 4992, from Afghanistan, to 

 this species with some hesitancy. The resin-canals in a leaf of 

 the type specimen are numerous, parenchymatous, and surrounded 

 by strengthening-cells. 



LINN. JOUBN. — BOTAN1', VOL. XTIII. 2 P 



