FLORA OF MADAGASCAR. 178 
glabrous, adpressed; inner lanceolate, subobtuse, caducous ; 
many outer very smal], ovate. Pappus of very numerous white 
bristles 4 in. long, with a row of minute linear ones on the out- 
side.—Central Madagascar, Baron! 
VERNONIA QUADRIFLORA, n. sp. 
Fruticosa, glaberrima, foliis obscure petiolatis obovato-oblongis acutis 
serrulatis nitidis rigidulis utrinque viridibus glabris, capitulis parvis 
J-4-floris densissime corymboso-paniculatis pedicellis brevissimis, invo- 
lueri campanulati bracteis 2-3-seriatis imbricatis rigidulis obtusis glabris, 
floribus rubellis, achenio glabro tereti, pappi setis permultis albis flexuosis 
ciliatis. 
A much-branched shrub, glabrous in all its parts, with slender 
woody branchlets, closely leafy up to the top. Leaves alternate, 
scarcely petioled, 14-2 in. long, 2-1 in. broad, inciso-crenate, 
narrowed gradually from the middle to the base, bright green 
and glabrous on both surfaces, thin but firm in texture. Capitula 
very numerous, arranged in dense level-topped terminal panicles. 
Involuere campanulate, } in. long and broad, the bracts rigid in 
texture, regularly imbricated, caducous, the inner lincar-oblong, 
the outer small, oblong. Corolla pale red, 4 in. long, with large 
lanceolate segments. Achene terete, distinctly costate, yz in. 
long. Pappus 4 in. long, of very numerous white persistent 
flexuose ciliated bristles.— Central Madagascar, Baron 1679! 
VrnxNONIA BARONI, n. sp. 
Fruticosa, ramulis breviter pubescentibus, foliis petiolatis oblongis sub- 
acutis serratis subcoriaceis facie scabris dorso pubescentibus, capitulis 
4-floris sessilibus dense corymbosis, involucri oblongi bracteis rigidis 
multiseriatis acutis pubescentibus, pappi setis multis ciliatis albis, exterio- 
ribus parvis subulatis. 
A shrub, with slender woody branchlets, clothed with short 
pubescence. Leaves distinctly petioled, oblong, 2-3 in. long, 
1-1} in. broad, distinctly serrated, deltoid and entire at the base, 
subcoriaceous, green and scabrous on the upper surface, matted 
all over with thin pubescence beneath, the erecto-patent parallel 
main veins connected by distinct arches near the margin. Ca- 
pitula very numerous, sessile, in densely crowded peduncled 
corymbs. Involucre obiong, } in. long, the very numerous rigid 
bracts regularly imbricated in many rows, dull brown, slightly 
pilose, the inner soon caducous. Achene glabrous, not seen fully 
mature. Pappus jin. long, of very numerous white ciliated 
