326 MR. J. E. HOWARD ON 
be provisionally called pubescens, not regarding it, however, as a 
species, or as having the slightest affinity to the C. pubescens, Vahl. 
This, however, was not formed, but found by Mr. M‘Ivor. If 
a hybrid, it could easily be formed again. Along with this was 
found the sort called magnifolia, which is not to be distinguished 
(in dried specimens) from C. Uritusinga, but differs in size of 
leaf &c. when fully grown. 
Incorrect statements about the “ spontaneous origination” of 
such species as the Ledgeriana and the Pata de Gallinazo have 
been suffered to take the place of facts. A multitude of coun- 
sellors have wrought the usual results. The wrong species have 
been cultivated, such as the succirubra of the Indian planta- 
tions, which I have, as I think, proved to be inferior* both 
for pharmaceutical and manufacturing purposes, whilst the Pata 
de Gallinazo (whatever it may be) has been, till lately, neglected ; 
and the offspring of the true officinalis (the C. Uritusinga) does 
not seem to be (normally) represented now except by a fewf fine 
trees at Dodabetta, and, from their seed, in Jamaica. If the plan- 
ters had propagated this instead of the sorts which never assume 
other than a shrubby aspect, the world, as well as themselves, 
would have been the gainer. On the top of all this mischief 
comes the array of theories about hybridity which throw every 
thing into confusion t. 
I had intended to confine my remarks to the subject of Cali- 
saya; but it is not possible to isolate so completely one por- 
tion of a subject as to exclude the light reflected from other 
* Specially in communication to the Indian Government, published in their 
* Reports ’ (Blue books). 
t Some fifty or sixty specially preserved. The plantation, from what I know 
of the quantity sent, must have been very freely cut. 
1 Of course I do not deny hybridity even in S. America ; but the fact is very 
local. The owner of fresh plantations in Coroico, apparently of the a vera of 
Weddell, wrote thus to Ledger :— 
“All our plants have been raised from seed, from trees we call‘ Rojo. The 
* Rojo ' here is not so good as Caupolican rojo. Ours is the Colorada anaran- 
jada (orange-peel red). At first our trees deteriorated greatly, particularly 
so all round the plantations, while inside (adentro) they gave the best of bark.” 
Ledger remarks how it seems their trees “sported,” no doubt owing to bees. 
(Oct. 14, 1880.) 
In another letter he says :—‘ In the Yungas, when the trees are in flower, 
they are visited by thousands of most beautiful Humming-birds, Might not 
these cause ‘sporting’ as well as the bees?” (Dec. 10, 1879.) 
