Philoopbical Hiflory of Plants. 
greesof their Clofeneß or Laxity; or the manner oft their Implicationand 
Coherency3 oras to their Location, one being more Central, another 
more Expofed and Rampant over the reft; orotherwife different. To 
examine thefe Principles, by their Colour, Tafte, Smell,Confiftence, Fix- 
edneß, Volatility Weight, Figures, or other Accidents, And to thefe 
purpofes, to go through the formentioned Ways of Experiment; as 
Uftion, Caleination, Deftillation, Gc. as any ‘of them may appear ap- 
plicable hereunto. So the Efential Salt of Wormwood, which may be 
obtained from the Läxövial; is Bitter, tranfparent, and commonly, of 
a Gylindrick figure : whereas that which is obtained by Coéfion, or from 
the Extra, is taftleß, greyith, and almoft Cubick: and that in the Ex- 
tract of the Green Leaves of Violets, appears in fine tranfparent Shoots, 
like fo many little Needles. And it is probable, That the Salts of 
molt Kinds of Plants, whether Lixivial or Eflential ; and of thefe,whe- 
ther obtained by Decotfion, or otherwife, have either their Figure, or 
other Qualities, proper to themfelves, whereby they are all diftinguith- 
ed one from another. And laftly, to make Experiment upon thefe 
Principles, mixing them with one another, or with other Bodies, or 
otherwife. 
49. $. know it will be difficult to make obfervations of this kind 
upon the Orgamical Parts of Plants, feverally. Yet I have thought of 
fome Ways, whereby true and undeceivable ones may be made. And 
the better to illuftrate what I mean, 1 (hall give one or two Inftances 
of Tryal to this purpofé. For the making of which, and fome others 
of the like nature, I confidered, That upon the Avatomical Analyfis of 
all the Parts of a Plant, I had certainly found, (and fhall hereafter 
Shew) That in all Plants, there are Tivo, “aud only Two Orgamical Parts 
Effentially distintt, viz. The Pithy Part, and the Lignous Part, 'or fach 
others as are analogous to cither of Thefe. So that, if we can think 
ofany Plants, which will afford us either ofthefe two,though not per- 
fedtly, yet mfome good meafiire, fimple and unmixed: We may then 
fee, by putting them to’a Chymical, Teft, what Principles and Proporti- 
on of Principles, concur to fpecifie theit Subflantial Foros. 
50. $. To the Pithy Part, Starch, or pure Mazchet is analogous, 
as having very little ofthe Lignons mixed with them. [therefore Or 
dered tb ij of Starch W be put into a Retort, and witha Receiver affix- 
ed, to be fetin a Sand Putinace-s and that all it would yield, fhould, 
by degrees, be forced over 3 which, befides what was evaporated at 
the Neck of the Receiver was about tb j: ofan acid and eager Liguor, 
ofa heavy and blackith OylzH, and ofa light Oj! 3 j. The Capat Mor- 
¿num could not be reduced to Afhes, by the ftrongeft heat which a 
naked fire in that Furnace Would produce: 
51. Tothe Lignous Part, Hemp or Flax is analogous, havin 
very little ofthe Pirhy mixed with them. I canfed' therefore fb jo 
fax to be put into a Retort, and mänag’d as che Starch : whereupon, 
it yielded a Liquor, as T remember, fomewhat like the former, and 
about the fime quantity ; no Oy! which remained liquid, when cold 3 
but inftead of that a Butyr, almoft of the Confiftence and Colour of 
the Oyl of Mace; and of this above 3.1), or near fix times the quan- 
tity ofthe Oy! which was yielded by the starch. The Caput Mortuun 
Bea burned to a white 4%, yielded fome portion of a Lixivial 
alt, 
E 52. $. 
