4] COLEBROOKEA TERNIFOLIA. 
Pistil. Germs four, hairy. Style the undivided part the length of 
the tube of the corol, and seems composed of two portions, 
as in Perilla. Stigma two-cleft, and about as long as the un- 
divided part of the style. 
Pericarp none. 
Seeds from one to four, but generally one, and then nearly oval, or 
round, and hairy; when more than one they adhere slightly 
to each other; the long woolly segments of the calyx readily 
carries them with the wind to a great distance. 
Receptacle naked, flat. 
OBSERVATIONS. 
A native of Mysore, from whence the seeds were sent by Dr. 
Buchanan, to the Botanic Garden at Calcutta, where the shrub 
blossoms during the months of February and March. 
EXPLANATION OF THE FIGURES. 
Fig. 1. Outside of the common calyx. 
. 2. Inside of the same, and the disk of the receptacle. 
3. One of the florets. 
4. The proper calyx laid open, which exposes the pistil to 
view. 
. A floret laid open. 
6. The four ripe seeds, with the enlarged woolly calyx. 
It, however, rarely happens that more than one of the 
seeds ripen. 
As at fig. 7. the other three are abortive, and appear like 
three hairy scales at the base of the ripe seed. 
8. A small ramification of the panicle, where the seeds are 
ripe. 
246. GMELINA ARBOREA. 
Arborous, unarmed. Leaves cordate, entire, downy. Panicles 
terminal. 
Gumbharee, the Sanscrit name. 
Gumhar, or Gumaar Asiat. resear. 6. p. 366. 
Gumhar, of the Hindoos. 
Cumbulu. Rheed. mal. 1. t. 41. 
Goomady, of the Tamuls. 
Tagoomoodu, of the Telingas. 
Jugani-chookor, of the Bengalese. 
DESCRIPTION. 
Trunk nearly straight, and of great size, for I have seen logs of 
the wood thirty feet long, and three square. Bark ash- 
coloured, in young trees smooth. Branches long, spreading, 
and drooping, in every direction. Some trees in the Botanic 
Garden at Calcutta, of only four years growth, had trunks 
18 inches in circumference, four and a half feet above ground, 
and were high in proportion. 
Leaves opposite, petioled, cordate, pointed, entire, above a little 
downy, below much so, and very soft; length from four to 
eight inches, and from three to six broad: deciduous about 
the beginning of the cool season, and appear again with the 
flowers in March and April. In young trees the leaves are 
larger than in the old ; it isa luxuriant branchlet of a young 
tree that is figured. 
GMELINA ARBOREA. 42 
Petioles from two to four inches long, round and downy. 
Panicles terminal, and from the exterior axills every part clothed 
with soft down; composed of simple, decussated branches. 
Bractes opposite, lanceolate, villous. 
Flowers opposite, short pedicelled, drooping (though not well re- 
presented so in the figure,) large, of a dull ferruginous yellow 
colour. 
Calyx small, obscurely four or five-toothed. 
Gorol. Tube obliquely campanulate. Border unequally four- parted; 
upper division shorter and bifid ; the under greatly longer, 
and concave. 
Filaments, both pairs incurvate. Anthers bifid from the base. 
Style length of the filaments. Stigma of two, unequal, spreading, 
acute lobes. 
Drupe, size of a large olive, roundish-oval, smooth, when ripe 
yellow. Nut single, hard, with from one to four one-seeded 
cells, but it rarely happens that all the four ripen. 
OBSERVATIONS. 
A large timber tree, a native of the various mountainous parts 
of India. Flowering time the beginning of the hot season. 
The wood is so very like Teak, as to have been brought to Cal- 
cutta for such. It is, however, lighter, and lighter coloured, and 
void of the bitter taste, and smell peculiar to Teak. It is used by 
the natives for various purposes. 
Specimens taken from a very large log, which were kept three 
years in the river Hoogly, a little above low water mark ; where 
the worms (Teredo navalis) are thought to be most destructive, 
have been deposited in the Honourable Fast India Company’s 
Museum at the India House, to shew how completely this wood 
resisted the worm, so destructive to almost every other sort in 
similar situations. And before I left India, similar specimens 
were also presented to the Governor General, the Marquis Wel- 
lesley; and to Mr. Thornhill, the master-attendant, with the 
view of having it tried in various ways in ship-building. From 
the same log the above mentioned specimens were taken, which 
was about 30 feet long, and about three square ; and brought from 
the skirts of the mountains north of Patna. I caused two valve 
flood-gates to be made, to keep the tides out of the Botanic 
Garden: other similar gates made of Teak were in use in other 
places of the garden for the same purpose ; and after very fair 
trials, the Goomar wood had evidently the advantage, as they re- 
mained sound and entire in every part, while those of Teak began 
to decay about the edges. There is therefore reason to think, it 
will prove a valuable acquisition to the marine yard ; and I trust 
there will soon be fair, and sufficiently extensive ex periments 
made with it, both for planking, and square, straight, and crooked 
timbers. At Calcutta these are particularly wanted, as the Stssoo, 
now in use, is not so durable as the Teak used on the Malabar 
coast ; and it is thought that the ships built at Calcutta, are not so 
durable as the Bombay ships on that account alone. It is therefore 
needless to enlarge on the value of a substitute that will last as 
long as the Teak plank on the outside, to the shipping interest of 
Calcutta at least, until the Teak tree is sufficiently plenty in 
Bengal, a period, I hope, not very distant, as it is now very 
generally and successfully cultivated over many parts of that 
country, where it thrives remarkably well. The largest trees in 
the Botanic Garden at Calcutta were, in 1804, about nineteen 
or twenty years old; they had then trunks from 42 to 44 inches 
