606 DR. M. T. MASTERS: GENERAL VIEW 
extend from the fibro-vascular bundle to the epidermis or its 
underlying strengthening cells. These ducts have the para- 
doxical position of being both peripheral and internal. Dr. 
Engelmann ... places the species in the section with internal 
ducts, but says he occasionally found parenchymatous ones.” 
In the leaves from one of Hartweg’s specimens I found 
them three-sided with a convex dorsum. On section the 
hypoderm was seen to be specially thick at the corners, the 
resin-canals subepidermal or absent, the mesophyll-cells not 
infolded, and with occasional patches of areolar tissue. The 
meristele was triangular, and the fibro-vascular bundle branched. 
In one of Dr. Palmer’s specimens the structure was substantially 
the same, but there were resin-canals in the centre of the meso- 
phyll not surrounded by strengthening cells. It is desirable 
that further observations on fresh specimens should be made. 
The most striking feature of this species consists in the cones, 
which are placed on rather long stalks. They are solitary (not 
clustered), 7-8 cent. long., 6-7 cent. wide, broadly ovoid-conic. 
The apophysis is shining, convex, carinate; umbo depressed, 
mucronate. 
53. Pinus watKpensis, Miller, Dict. (1768) =P. hierosolymi- 
tana, Duhamel (1755). 
P. maritima, Lambert, partly ; Sibthorp, Flora Greca; Des- 
fontaines, Fl. Atlantica, tom. ii. (1800) p. 852; Mouillefert, 
Traité des Arbres et Arbustes, tom. ii. (1492) p. 1303. 
The Aleppo Pine was known to the Greeks, as well as to the 
botanists of the Middle Ages, according to Bubani, Flor. Pyrenaic. 
p- 389 (1897). 
Miller’s name, above adopted, is the one now most generally, 
if not universally, employed, although, as a matter of strict 
priority, that of Duhamel has precedence. It isa native of both 
shores of the Mediterranean, extending into Asia Minor, Persia, 
and, perhaps, A'ghanistan, occurring from the coast-line up to a 
height of 3000 ft., generally on limestone soil. Like most species 
it is subject to considerable variation. In consequence the 
synonymy has become greatly involved, so that, both in books 
and in herbaria, P. Aalepensis, as here understood, is mixed up 
with P. brutia and with forms of P. Laricio, from which latter 
it may be at once distinguished by its marginal (not median) 
resin-canals, Owing to the difficulty of identification of this and 
