610 DR. M. T. MASTERS: GENERAL VIEW 
cuboidal cells, beneath which is a very thick layer of hypoderm 
(which must give great resisting power to the Jeaf and adapt it 
to windy localities). The leaf-substance consists of sinuous cells 
filled with chlorophyll; through its centre passes the double 
vascular bundle surrounded by an elliptical bundle-sheath or 
endoderm of about 50 oval cells filled with starch, and enclosing 
a “pericycle” of cellular tissue with masses of woody cells 
separating the two fibro-vascular bundles. Two resin-canals 
traverse the leaf-substance just beneath the hypoderm on the 
upper surface. This structure is identical with that of Tenore’s 
Pinus bruttia and of Visiani’s P. Paroliniana and of Kotschy, 
n. 420. It is also the same as in P. halepensis, but differs from 
that of P. Pinaster (maritima) and P. Laricio, with which it 
has been confounded, but from which the mere inspection of 
the leaf-section will enable the observer to distinguish it. 
The male catkins are clustered, rarely solitary, erect, oblong, 
about half an inch long, orange-coloured; anther-crest orbicular, 
crenulate. 
Cones lateral, solitary or in groups of three (Tenore’s specimen, 
showing a large number in a cluster, is accidental), each shortly 
stalked or nearly sessile, spreading more or less horizontally ; 
ovoid-conie, acute, rich shining chestnut-brown, 8} inches long 
by 2} in breadth. Scales woody; apophyses rhomboid, flattish, 
with a slight transverse ridge and a rather short pyramidal umbo. 
In the fully-developed cone the upper angle of the scale is often 
prolonged into a short blunt process. 
In the Paris herbarium are specimens from Crete, Raulin, 747! 
and from Calabria, Tenore. 
Boissier (Flora Orient. v. p. 605) points out that this species 
differs from P. halepensis in its thicker and more rigid leaves, 
in the larger size of the male flowers, in the sessile cones which 
are thicker and not pendulous, congested not solitary or twin. 
55. Pinus Merxusit, Junghuhn § De Vriese; Parlatore, in 
DC. Prod. xvi.’ p. 889; Vidal, Sinops. Plant. Filip., Atlas, t. 98. 
fig. C. 
Specimens from the Philippines, collected by Vidal, show this 
to be a two-leaved Pine, with semiterete leaves, concave on the 
anterior side, provided with hypoderm, cells of the mesophyll with 
infolded walls, and subepidermal resin-canals. The meristele 
